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Version 4 - 2026-04-17
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Title
Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act
Motivation
The Big Beautiful Bill promised tax cuts for hard-working families. In reality, those cuts are funded, in part, by cuts to education, healthcare and SNAP benefits. Hard-working Americans are worse off. Often, what looks like a tax break in year one ends up costing Americans more, much more, in the long run. This bait-and-switch should be against the law. These are our elected officials. It's time they acted like it.
Short Description
Americans deserve to know the truth before tax changes are voted on. This Act would require congress to show every household what a tax increase or decrease actually means for them, not just this year but over a five year period.
Outline
1. This proposal is to demand Congress be fully transparent with tax changes. They must give a five year forecast showing what this means for me. Include scheduled sunsets, phase-outs, rate changes or triggers built into the legislation. 2. This forecast must be explicit for each tax bracket and state. 3. Include the trade off. If a tax cut is paid for by slashing programs Americans rely on, this need to be disclosed for each tax bracket. 4. If tax cuts are funded by cuts to other services, the net result should be communicated.
Analysis Summary
The Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act would transformmandate that CBO and JCT produce comprehensive 'Household Impact Statements' showing the five-year, income-bracket-by-income-bracket, state-by-state distributional effects of major tax legislation—including the net impact of any offsetting benefit cuts—before Congress can vote. Motivated by the regressive distributional consequences of the OBBBA (where CBO found low-income households lose resources while high-income households gain), the bill fills a critical gap in current law where distributional analysis fromis voluntary, not mandatory. While the bill raises no constitutional concerns and has modest direct costs ($50-100M over 10 years), it faces practical challenges including CBO's limited staffing capacity and potential for legislative delay, and as a discretionary JCT function into a mandatory statutory requirement, requiring CBO and JCT to produce household-levelprocedural measure it has no direct impact forecasts—including net effects of tax changes and benefit reductions—before any covered legislation can receive a floor vote. While the bill addresses a genuine transparency gap highlighted by the OBBBA's regressive distributional effects, it faces significant practical challenges including CBO's resource constraints, methodological complexity of valuing benefit reductions at theon household level, and potential to slow the legislative process. The bill's direct fiscal cost is negligible (~$200 million over 10 years), it raises no fatal constitutional concerns, and its indirect equity effects could be modestly progressive by making regressive tax-and-benefit packages more politically visible.taxes or benefits.
Fiscal Impact
Increases debt by $2$1 per household
Congressional Bill
119th CONGRESS 2d Session H.R. ___ To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare and publicly disclose household-level fiscal impact statements for legislation that would change Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs used to offset revenue changes, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr./Ms. [___] introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on [Rules/Budget/Ways and Means] _______________________________________________________ A BILL To amend the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare and publicly disclose household-level fiscal impact statements for legislation that would change Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs used to offset revenue changes, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026". SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-344; 2 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) established the Congressional Budget Office to provide Congress with objective budgetary and economic analysis, yet current law does not require household-level distributional impact analyses of tax legislation to be prepared or made publicly available before a vote. (2) The Joint Committee on Taxation provides official revenue estimates for all tax legislation considered by Congress, but distributional analysis showing the effects of tax law changes across income groups is not a legally required task and is produced only upon request. (3) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or are triggered by economic conditions over multiple years, such that the impact on a household in the first year of enactment may differ substantially from the impact in subsequent years. (4) Tax reductions are frequently offset, in whole or in part, by reductions in Federal benefit programs, including but not limited to programs providing healthcare, nutrition assistance, education funding, and housing assistance, and the net fiscal effect of such combined changes on households at each income level may differ significantly from the effect of the tax change alone. (5) The people of the United States are entitled to know, before their elected representatives vote on legislation that changes their tax liability, the full and honest fiscal impact of such legislation on households at every income level, in every State, and over a meaningful time horizon. (6) Transparency in the legislative process is essential to democratic accountability, and Members of Congress cannot be held accountable for the fiscal consequences of their votes if those consequences are not clearly disclosed to the public in advance. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) COVERED LEGISLATION.--The term "covered legislation" means any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report, or amendment between the Houses that-- (A) would result in a change in Federal revenue (as estimated by the Joint Committee on Taxation or the Congressional Budget Office) of $1,000,000,000 or more over the 5-fiscal-year period beginning with the first fiscal year for which the legislation would be effective; or (B) would result in a change in Federal revenue of any amount and contains or is considered contemporaneously with legislation that would reduce direct spending for one or more covered Federal benefit programs. (2) COVERED FEDERAL BENEFIT PROGRAM.--The term "covered Federal benefit program" means any of the following: (A) The Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.). (B) The Medicaid program under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.). (C) The supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.). (D) Premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions under sections 36B and 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (26 U.S.C. 36B; 42 U.S.C. 18071). (E) The supplemental security income program under title XVI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.). (F) Federal Pell Grants under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a). (G) The program of block grants for States for temporary assistance for needy families under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). (H) The special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children under section 17 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786). (I) Federal housing assistance programs under the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.), including the program for tenant-based rental assistance under section 8 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1437f). (J) The Children's Health Insurance Program under title XXI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397aa et seq.). (K) Any other Federal program providing direct benefits to individuals that the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultation with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, determines to be appropriate for inclusion, based on the scope and nature of the covered legislation. (3) HOUSEHOLD IMPACT STATEMENT.--The term "Household Impact Statement" means the analysis required under section 4 of this Act. (4) INCOME CATEGORY.--The term "income category" means each of the following categories of expanded income (as defined by the Joint Committee on Taxation): (A) Less than $10,000. (B) $10,000 to $20,000. (C) $20,000 to $30,000. (D) $30,000 to $40,000. (E) $40,000 to $50,000. (F) $50,000 to $75,000. (G) $75,000 to $100,000. (H) $100,000 to $200,000. (I) $200,000 to $500,000. (J) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (K) $1,000,000 and over. (5) NET HOUSEHOLD FISCAL IMPACT.--The term "net household fiscal impact" means the combined effect on a household of-- (A) any change in Federal tax liability (including income taxes, payroll taxes, and excise taxes); and (B) any change in the value of benefits received under covered Federal benefit programs, expressed as a dollar amount. SEC. 4. HOUSEHOLD IMPACT STATEMENT REQUIRED FOR COVERED LEGISLATION. (a) Preparation of Household Impact Statement.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--For any covered legislation, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in coordination with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall prepare a Household Impact Statement in accordance with this section. (2) TIMING.-- (A) COMMITTEE-REPORTED LEGISLATION.--In the case of covered legislation ordered reported by a committee of the Senate or the House of Representatives, the Household Impact Statement shall be completed and made publicly available not later than 72 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on the floor of the respective House. (B) AMENDMENTS AND SUBSTITUTES.--In the case of a manager's amendment, amendment in the nature of a substitute, or conference report that constitutes covered legislation, the Household Impact Statement shall be completed and made publicly available not later than 72 hours before a vote on adoption of such amendment or conference report. (C) RECONCILIATION LEGISLATION.--In the case of a reconciliation bill or resolution under section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 641) that constitutes covered legislation, the Household Impact Statement shall be completed and made publicly available not later than 72 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on the floor of the respective House. (b) Contents of Household Impact Statement.--Each Household Impact Statement shall include the following: (1) FIVE-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL FORECAST.--A year-by-year estimate, for each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year for which the covered legislation would be effective, of the change in Federal tax liability for each income category, expressed as-- (A) the aggregate change in Federal tax liability for all tax filing units in such income category; (B) the average change in Federal tax liability per tax filing unit in such income category; and (C) the change in the average Federal tax rate for tax filing units in such income category. (2) IDENTIFICATION OF SCHEDULED CHANGES.--A clear and specific identification of any provision in the covered legislation that would-- (A) sunset, expire, or terminate during or after the 5-fiscal-year period described in paragraph (1); (B) phase in or phase out during such period; (C) change rates, thresholds, or eligibility criteria during such period based on a schedule established in the legislation; (D) be triggered by an economic indicator, revenue target, or other contingency; or (E) revert to prior law upon expiration, including a description of the tax liability that would result under such prior law for each income category. (3) BENEFIT OFFSET ANALYSIS.--If the covered legislation includes, or is considered contemporaneously with, provisions that would reduce direct spending for one or more covered Federal benefit programs, the Household Impact Statement shall include-- (A) for each covered Federal benefit program affected, a year-by-year estimate for each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1) of the aggregate reduction in benefits for households in each income category; (B) the average reduction in benefits per affected household in each income category for each such fiscal year; (C) the number of individuals estimated to lose eligibility for, or experience a reduction in benefits under, each covered Federal benefit program, disaggregated by income category; and (D) a net household fiscal impact calculation for each income category for each such fiscal year, showing the combined effect of the change in tax liability under paragraph (1) and the change in benefits under this paragraph, expressed as-- (i) the aggregate net fiscal impact for all households in such income category; (ii) the average net fiscal impact per household in such income category; and (iii) a clear statement, for each income category, of whether the net fiscal impact is positive (a net gain) or negative (a net cost) for households in such category. (4) STATE-LEVEL ANALYSIS.--For each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia, an estimate of-- (A) the aggregate change in Federal tax liability for tax filing units in such State for each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1); (B) the average change in Federal tax liability per tax filing unit in such State for each such fiscal year; and (C) if a benefit offset analysis is required under paragraph (3), the aggregate net household fiscal impact for households in such State for each such fiscal year. (5) PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY.--A plain-language summary, written at a reading level accessible to the general public (not higher than an 8th-grade reading level, as measured by the Flesch-Kincaid readability test or a comparable standard), that-- (A) describes the overall effect of the covered legislation on households at each income category in each year of the 5-fiscal-year period; (B) identifies any year in which a tax reduction provided in the first year is reduced, eliminated, or reversed for any income category; (C) identifies any income category for which the net household fiscal impact (taking into account both tax changes and benefit changes) is negative in any year of the 5-fiscal-year period; and (D) includes a statement in the following form: "If you earn between $[lower bound] and $[upper bound], this legislation is estimated to [increase/ decrease] your Federal taxes by an average of $[amount] in [year]. Taking into account changes to [program names], your net [gain/cost] is estimated to be $[amount] in [year]." (c) Methodology and Assumptions.-- (1) TAX ESTIMATES.--All estimates of changes in Federal tax liability shall be prepared by the Joint Committee on Taxation using the microsimulation models and methodology described in the most recent edition of the Joint Committee on Taxation's overview of revenue estimating procedures. (2) BENEFIT ESTIMATES.--All estimates of changes in benefits under covered Federal benefit programs shall be prepared by the Congressional Budget Office using its standard estimating methodology. (3) COORDINATION.--The Director of the Congressional Budget Office and the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation shall jointly establish procedures for coordinating the preparation of Household Impact Statements, including procedures for reconciling differences in assumptions, income classifications, and time periods. (4) ASSUMPTIONS DISCLOSED.--Each Household Impact Statement shall include a clear disclosure of all material assumptions used in preparing the estimates, including assumptions regarding-- (A) economic growth, inflation, and interest rates; (B) behavioral responses of taxpayers; (C) participation rates in covered Federal benefit programs; and (D) the interaction between tax provisions and benefit eligibility. SEC. 5. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974. (a) Additional Duties of the Congressional Budget Office.--Section 202 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602) is amended by adding at the end the following: "(h) Household Impact Statements.-- "(1) IN GENERAL.--The Director shall, in coordination with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, prepare Household Impact Statements for covered legislation as required under section 4 of the Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(2) DEFINITIONS.--For purposes of this subsection, the terms 'covered legislation' and 'Household Impact Statement' have the meanings given such terms in section 3 of the Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026.". (b) Public Access.--Section 203 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 603) is amended by adding at the end the following: "(e) Household Impact Statements.--The Director shall make each Household Impact Statement prepared under section 202(h) available to the public on the website of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxationin a searchable, downloadable, and machine-readable format not later than the time such statement is transmitted to prepare andthe relevant committee or publicly disclose a five-year household impact forecast for any legislation that would alter Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr./Ms. __________ introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on Rules _______________________________ A BILL To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare and publicly disclose a five-year household impact forecast for any legislation that would alter Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026".chamber.". SEC. 2. FINDINGS.6. AMENDMENT TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986. Congress finds the (a) Additional Duty of the Joint Committee on Taxation.--Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8022) is amended by adding at the end the following: (1) The American people have"(5) HOUSEHOLD IMPACT STATEMENTS.-- "(A) IN GENERAL.--The Joint Committee shall, in coordination with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, prepare the tax liability components of Household Impact Statements for covered legislation as required under section 4 of the Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(B) DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS REQUIRED.--The distributional analysis prepared by the Joint Committee under subparagraph (A) shall include, for each income category (as defined in section 3(4) of the Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the information described in section 4(b)(1) of such Act. "(C) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the distributional analysis and other information prepared by the Joint Committee under this paragraph shall be made publicly available at the same time and in the same manner as the Household Impact Statement of which it is a fundamental right to understand the full fiscal consequences of legislation enacted by their elected representatives before such legislation is voted upon. (2) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or trigger changes in tax rates, credits, deductions, or exemptions over multiple years, such that the impact on households in the first year of enactment may differ substantially from the impact in subsequent years. (3) Tax reductions are frequently offset, in whole or in part, by reductions in Federal benefit programs, including but not limited to programs under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Medicaid, Medicare, Federal student financial assistance, and other programs upon which American households depend. (4) Existing law does not require the Congressional Budget Office or the Joint Committee on Taxation to produce or publicly disclose a year-by-year distributional analysis showing the combined net household impact of tax changes and related benefit reductions across income groups and States. (5) Distributional analysis by the Joint Committee on Taxation is currently performed on a discretionary basis and is not a legally mandated component of the legislative process for tax legislation. (6) Without comprehensive, publicly available forecasts, Members of Congress and the American public cannot make fully informed judgments about whether proposed legislation will, on net, benefit or harm households at each income level over the duration of the legislation's effects.part.". SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.7. POINTS OF ORDER. (a) In the House of Representatives.-- (1) POINT OF ORDER.--It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider covered legislation unless the Household Impact Statement required under section 4 has been publicly available for not less than 72 hours. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order described in paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the House of Representatives only by a specific provision in a special rule reported by the Committee on Rules, and any such special rule shall include a statement explaining why the Household Impact Statement was not available. (b) In the Senate.-- (1) POINT OF ORDER.--It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of covered legislation unless the Household Impact Statement required under section 4 has been publicly available for not less than 72 hours. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order described in paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the Senate only by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.--An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under this Act:subsection. (c) DISPOSITION OF POINT OF ORDER IN THE SENATE.-- (1) COVERED LEGISLATION.--The term "covered legislation" meansIN GENERAL.--If a point of order is sustained under subsection (b), the covered legislation shall be returned to the calendar until such time as the Household Impact Statement has been publicly available for not less than 72 hours. (2) SESSION DAYS.--For purposes of this section, the 72-hour period shall be calculated based on calendar hours, not legislative days. SEC. 8. ONLINE HOUSEHOLD IMPACT TOOL. (a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultation with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall establish and maintain a publicly accessible, interactive online tool (referred to in this section as the "Household Impact Tool") on the website of the Congressional Budget Office. (b) Functionality.--The Household Impact Tool shall allow any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report,individual to-- (1) select covered legislation that is pending before or amendment between the Houses that-- (A) would amend any provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 inhas been passed by either House of Congress; (2) enter the individual's State of residence and approximate income category; and (3) receive a manner that would increase or decrease Federal tax liability for any class of individual taxpayers; (B) would modify, reduce, or eliminate funding for, or eligibility for, any Federal benefit program; or (C) contains any combination of the provisions described in subparagraphs (A) and (B). (2) FEDERAL BENEFIT PROGRAM.--The term "Federal benefit program" means any program that provides direct payments, subsidies, tax expenditures, vouchers, or in-kind benefits to individuals or households, including but not limited to-- (A) the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); (B) the program of medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); (C) the Medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.); (D) Federal Pell Grants under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a); (E) premium tax credits under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 36B); (F) the earned income tax credit under section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 32); (G) the child tax credit under section 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 24); (H) housing assistance programs under the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.); (I) the supplemental security income program under title XVI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.); (J) the program of block grants for States for temporary assistance for needy families under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); and (K) any other Federal program identified by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office as providing direct or indirect financial benefits to individuals or households. (3) FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST.--The term "Five-Year Household Impact Forecast" means the analysis required under section 4 of this Act. (4) INCOME GROUP.--The term "income group" means each of the following categories of annual household income: (A) Less than $15,000. (B) $15,000 to $30,000. (C) $30,000 to $50,000. (D) $50,000 to $75,000. (E) $75,000 to $100,000. (F) $100,000 to $150,000. (G) $150,000 to $200,000. (H) $200,000 to $500,000. (I) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (J) $1,000,000 and above. (5) NET HOUSEHOLD IMPACT.--The term "net household impact" means the combined effect on a householdplain-language estimate of-- (A) anythe estimated change in the individual's Federal tax liability (including income taxes, payroll taxes, and excise taxes); and for each year of the 5-fiscal-year period covered by the Household Impact Statement; (B) anythe estimated change in the value of benefits the individual may receive under covered Federal benefits received benefit programs for each such year; and (C) the estimated net household fiscal impact for each such year. (c) Disclaimer.--The Household Impact Tool shall prominently display a disclaimer stating that the estimates provided are based on averages for the selected income category and State and do not constitute individualized tax or for which the household wouldfinancial advice. (d) Accessibility.--The Household Impact Tool shall comply with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d) and shall be eligible, expressed in dollar terms. (6) SUNSET PROVISION.--The term "sunset provision" means any provision of covered legislation that would cause a tax rate, credit, deduction, exemption, or benefit level to expire, revert, or change automatically on a specified date or upon the occurrence of a specified condition. (7) PHASE-OUT PROVISION.--The term "phase-out provision" means any provision of covered legislation under which a tax benefit or program benefit is gradually reduced or eliminated as a taxpayer's income increases above a specified threshold. (8) TRIGGER PROVISION.--The term "trigger provision" means any provision of covered legislation under which a tax rate, credit, deduction, exemption, or benefit level changes automatically upon the occurrence of a specified economic condition, including but not limited to changes in the gross domestic product, the unemployment rate, or the Federal debt-to-GDP ratio. SEC. 4. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST REQUIREMENT. (a) Amendment to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.--available in English and Title IV of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 651 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 402 the following new section: "SEC. 403. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST. "(a) Requirement.-- "(1) IN GENERAL.--For any covered legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) that is reported by any committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate, or that is proposed as an amendment on the floor of either House, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultation with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall prepare and make publicly available a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast not later than 72 hours before such legislation is scheduled for a vote by the full House of Representatives or the full Senate, as applicable. "(2) RECONCILIATION AND OMNIBUS LEGISLATION.--In the case of any reconciliation bill under section 310 of this Act, or any omnibus legislation containing provisions described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of section 3(1) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026, the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be prepared for each such provision individually and for the legislation as a whole. "(b) Contents of Forecast.--Each Five-YearSpanish. (e) Data Format.--All data underlying the Household Impact ForecastTool shall include the following: "(1) YEAR-BY-YEAR TAX IMPACT ANALYSIS.--For each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year in which the covered legislation would take effect, an estimate of the change in Federal tax liabilitybe made available in open, machine- readable formats for a representative household in each income group (as defined in section 3(4) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by-- "(A) filing status (single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, and head of household); and "(B) State of residence, reflecting differences in State and local tax deductibility, cost of living, and other factors that cause the Federal tax impact of legislation to varydownload by State. "(2) IDENTIFICATION OF SUNSET, PHASE-OUT, AND TRIGGER PROVISIONS.--A clear and specific identification of each sunset provision, phase-out provision, and trigger provision (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) contained in the covered legislation, including-- "(A) the date or condition upon which each such provision takes effect; "(B) the specific change in tax rates, credits, deductions, exemptions, or benefit levels that would result; and "(C) the estimated dollar impact of each such provision on a representative household in each income group for each year of the forecast period. "(3) BENEFIT REDUCTION OFFSET ANALYSIS.--If the covered legislation includes any provision that would reduce, eliminate, or restrict eligibility for any Federal benefit program (as defined in section 3(2) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the forecast shall include-- "(A) an identification of each Federal benefit program affected and the estimated reduction in benefits, expressed in aggregate dollar terms and as a per-household average, for each income group and for each of the 5 fiscal years of the forecast period; "(B) a comparison, for each income group and for each year of the forecast period, of-- "(i) the estimated tax reduction (if any) provided by the covered legislation; and "(ii) the estimated reduction in Federal benefits resulting from the covered legislation; expressed as a net household impact in dollar terms; and "(C) a clear statement, in plain language, for each income group, indicating whether the net household impact of the covered legislation is positive (the household is better off), negative (the household is worse off), or neutral for each year of the forecast period. "(4) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.--A summary table showing, for each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia, the estimated net household impact for a representative household in each income group for each year of the forecast period. "(5) CUMULATIVE FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY.--A cumulative five-year summary for each income group showing-- "(A) the total estimated change in Federal tax liability over the 5-year period; "(B) the total estimated change in Federal benefits received over the 5-year period; and "(C) the total net household impact over the 5-year period. "(6) PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY.--A plain language summary of the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast, written at a reading level accessible to the general public (not higher than an 8th-grade reading level as measured by the Flesch-Kincaid readability test), that-- "(A) describes the overall effect of the covered legislation on households in each income group; "(B) identifies any year in which a household in any income group would experience a net negative impact after initially experiencing a net positive impact; and "(C) identifies any sunset, phase-out, or trigger provision that would cause the impact of the legislation to change materially after the first year of enactment. "(c) Methodology.-- "(1) COORDINATION.--The Director of the Congressional Budget Office and the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation shall jointly develop and publish the methodology to be used in preparing Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(2) BENEFIT VALUATION.--In estimating the value of Federal benefits for purposes of the net household impact calculation, the Director shall-- "(A) use the market value or cash-equivalent value of benefits, as applicable; "(B) account for differences in benefit utilization rates across income groups and States; and "(C) include both direct benefits (such as cash payments and tax credits) and indirect benefits (such as premium subsidies and in-kind assistance). "(3) TAX INCIDENCE.--In estimating changes in Federal tax liability, the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation shall account for-- "(A) the direct statutory incidence of tax changes on individual taxpayers; "(B) the estimated economic incidence of changes in corporate taxes, excise taxes, and payroll taxes on households, consistent with the distributional methodology of the Joint Committee on Taxation; and "(C) behavioral responses to tax changes, to the extent such responses are incorporated in conventional revenue estimates. "(4) ASSUMPTIONS.--The forecast shall clearly state all material economic assumptions used, including assumptions regarding inflation, wage growth, employment levels, and interest rates, and shall be consistent with the most recent baseline projections of the Congressional Budget Office. "(5) UPDATES.--If covered legislation is amended in a material respect after the initial Five-Year Household Impact Forecast is prepared, the Director shall prepare and publish an updated forecast not later than 48 hours before any subsequent vote on the amended legislation. "(d) Public Availability.-- "(1) PUBLICATION.--Each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be-- "(A) published on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office; "(B) transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President pro tempore of the Senate, and the chairmen and ranking members of the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on Finance; "(C) entered into the Congressional Record; and "(D) made available in a machine-readable, open data format suitable for analysis by the public, researchers, and the press. "(2) TIMING.--No Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be treated as satisfying the requirements of this section unless it has been publicly available for not fewer than 72 hours before the first vote on the covered legislation by the full House of Representatives or the full Senate. "(e) Prohibition on Waiver.--The requirements of this section may not be waived by unanimous consent, suspension of the rules, or any special rule or order of the House of Representatives or the Senate, except upon a two-thirds vote of the Members present and voting in the applicable House.". (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 402 the following: "Sec. 403. Five-Year Household Impact Forecast.".the public. SEC. 5. POINT OF ORDER.9. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. (a) InAnnual Report.--Not later than March 1 of each year, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office shall submit to the Committee on the Budget of the Senate, the Committee on the Budget of the House of Representatives.--Representatives, the Committee on Finance of the Senate, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives a report that includes-- (1) the number of Household Impact Statements prepared during the preceding calendar year; (2) the average time required to prepare each such statement; (3) any methodological changes made during the preceding year; and (4) recommendations for improving the accuracy, timeliness, or accessibility of Household Impact Statements. (b) Retrospective Accuracy Review.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--ItGENERAL.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of any covered legislation for which a Household Impact Statement was prepared, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in coordination with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall notprepare and make publicly available a retrospective accuracy review comparing-- (A) the estimates contained in the Household Impact Statement with the actual fiscal effects of the covered legislation, to the extent such actual effects can be in order in the House of Representativesdetermined; and (B) any significant deviations between estimated and actual effects, together with an explanation of the factors contributing to consider any covered legislation unless a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast meeting the requirements of section 403 of the such deviations. (2) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.--Each retrospective accuracy review under this subsection shall be made publicly available on the website of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been publicly available for not fewer than 72 hours. (2) DISPOSITION OF POINT OF ORDER.--A point of order under paragraph (1) may be raised by any Member of the House of Representatives. If the point of order is sustained, the covered legislation shall be recommitted to the committee of jurisdiction with instructions to ensure that the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast is prepared and made publicly available before the legislation is again reported. (b) In the Senate.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered legislation unless a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast meeting the requirements of section 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been publicly available for not fewer than 72 hours. (2) SUPERMAJORITY WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended only by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.--An affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate duly chosen and sworn shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1).Office. SEC. 6. AMENDMENT TO DUTIES10. AUTHORIZATION OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION.APPROPRIATIONS. Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26(a) Congressional Budget Office.--There are authorized U.S.C. 8022) is amended-- (1)to be appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office such sums as may be necessary to carry out the additional duties imposed by redesignating paragraph (4)this Act, including the development and maintenance of the Household Impact Tool under section 8. (b) Joint Committee on Taxation.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Joint Committee on Taxation such sums as paragraph (5); and (2)may be necessary to carry out the additional duties imposed by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: "(4) FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECASTS.-- "(A) IN GENERAL.--To prepare, in coordination with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the tax liability components of each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast required under section 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, including distributional analyses disaggregated by income group, filing status, and State of residence. "(B) MANDATORY DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.-- Notwithstanding any prior practice or convention, the preparation of distributional analyses under this paragraph shall be a mandatory duty of the Joint Committee with respect to all covered legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), and shall not be subject to the discretion of any Member, committee, or staff. "(C) PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.--All distributional analyses prepared under this paragraph shall be made publicly available simultaneously with the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast of which they form a part.". Act. SEC. 7. ONLINE HOUSEHOLD IMPACT TOOL.11. RULEMAKING. (a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the dateExercise of Rulemaking Powers.--Sections 7(a) and of enactment7(b) of this Act, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultationAct are enacted by Congress-- (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of each House, respectively, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and (2) with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall develop and maintain a publicly accessible, interactive online tool (referredfull recognition of the constitutional right of either House to in this sectionchange such rules (so far as the "Household Impact Calculator") that allows relating to such House) at any individualtime, in the same manner, and to estimate the net household impact of the same extent as any covered legislation for which a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast has been prepared. (b) Functionality.--The Household Impact Calculator shall allow a user to input-- (1) the user's State of residence; (2) the user's filing status; (3) the user's approximate annual household income; (4) the number of dependents in the user's household; and (5) whether the user's household currently receives benefits from any Federal benefit program identified in the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast; and shall generate an estimate of the user's net household impact for each year of the 5-year forecast period, based on the data contained in the applicable Five-Year Household Impact Forecast. (c) Privacy.--The Household Impact Calculator shall not collect, store, or transmit any personally identifiable information. All calculations shall be performed locally on the user's device or through anonymized server-side processing that retains no user data. (d) Accessibility.--The Household Impact Calculator shall comply with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d) and shall be available in English and Spanish. (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, and other rule of such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter, to carry out this section.House. SEC. 8. ANNUAL RETROSPECTIVE ACCURACY REPORT. (a) Requirement.--Beginning not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office shall prepare and publish a report comparing-- (1) the estimates contained in each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast prepared during the preceding 5-year period; with (2) the actual household impacts, to the extent such data are available from the Internal Revenue Service, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Census Bureau, and other Federal statistical agencies. (b) Contents.--Each report under subsection (a) shall include-- (1) an assessment of the accuracy of prior forecasts, disaggregated by income group and State; (2) an identification of the primary sources of forecast error; and (3) recommendations for improving the methodology used in preparing Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts. (c) Public Availability.--Each report under this section shall be published on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office and transmitted to the committees identified in section 403(d)(1)(B) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act). SEC. 9. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to-- (1) limit or modify the existing authority of the Congressional Budget Office under section 202 or 402 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602, 653) to prepare cost estimates or other analyses; (2) limit or modify the existing authority of the Joint Committee on Taxation under section 8021 or 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8021, 8022) to conduct investigations, prepare revenue estimates, or perform other analyses; (3) require the disclosure of any information that is protected from disclosure under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6103) or any other provision of law; or (4) create any private right of action against the United States, any agency or instrumentality thereof, or any officer or employee thereof. SEC. 10. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Act, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, the remainder of this Act, and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. SEC. 11.12. EFFECTIVE DATE. (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act shall take effect on the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Online Tool.--Section 8 shall take effect on the the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Point of Order.--Section 5 of this Act shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, to allow the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation sufficient time to develop the methodology and capacity required to prepare Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts. (c) Application.--The requirements of this Act shall apply to any covered legislation introduced or reported on or after the applicable effective date underdescribed in subsection (a) or (b).(a). ``` ---

Previous Versions

Version 3 - 2026-04-17
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Title
Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act
Motivation
The Big Beautiful Bill promised tax cuts for hard-working families. In reality, those cuts are fundedfunded, in part, by cuts to education, healthcare and SNAP benefits. WhatHard-working Americans are worse off. Often, what looks like a tax break in year one ends up costing Americans more, much more, in the long run. This bait-and-switch should be against the law. These are our elected officials. It's time they acted like it.
Short Description
Americans deserve to know the truth before tax changes are voted on. This Act would require congress to show every household what a tax increase or decrease actually means for them, not just this year but over the nexta five years.year Stop the bait-and-switch. Stop hiding the fine print. period.
Outline
1. This proposal is to demand Congress be fully transparent with tax changes. They must give a five year forecast showing what this means for me. Include scheduled sunsets, phase-outs, rate changes or triggers built into the legislation. 2. This forecast must be explicit for each tax bracket and state. 3. Include the trade off. If a tax cut is paid for by slashing programs Americans rely on, this need to be disclosed for each tax bracket. 4. If tax cuts are funded by cuts to other services, the net result should be communicated.
Analysis Summary
The Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act would transform distributional analysis from a discretionary JCT function into a mandatory statutory requirement, requiring CBO and JCT to produce household-level impact forecasts—including net effects of tax changes and benefit reductions—before any covered legislation can receive a floor vote. While the bill addresses a genuine transparency gap highlighted by the OBBBA's regressive distributional effects, it faces significant practical challenges including CBO's resource constraints, methodological complexity of valuing benefit reductions at the household level, and potential to slow the legislative process. The bill's direct fiscal cost is a procedural reform requiring mandatory, year-by-year distributional analysis of major tax legislation before floor votes, including impactsnegligible (~$200 million over 10 years), it raises no fatal constitutional concerns, and its indirect equity effects could be modestly progressive by income bracket, state, and the net effect of offsetting benefit cuts. Constitutionally sound and modestly costly (~$0.2B over 10 years), it is directly motivated by the distributional dynamics of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which CBO found shifts resources from lower-income to higher-income households. While it changes no tax or spending policy directly, its transparency requirements could meaningfully alter future legislative dynamics by ensuring distributional trade-offs are visible before votes occur.making regressive tax-and-benefit packages more politically visible.
Fiscal Impact
Increases debt by $2 per household
Congressional Bill
119th CONGRESS 2d Session H.R. ___ To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare and publicly disclose a five-year household impact forecast for any legislation that would alter Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr./Ms. __________ introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Budget, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, Ways and Means, and the Committee on Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned Rules _______________________________ A BILL To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require comprehensive the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare and publicly disclose a five-year household impact forecasts, including distributional analyses by income bracket and State, and disclosure of offsetting reductions inforecast for any legislation that would alter Federal tax liability or reduce Federal benefit programs, and for all legislation containing changes to Federal revenues, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026". SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) The American people have a fundamental right to understand the full fiscal consequences of legislation enacted by their elected representatives before such legislation is voted upon. (2) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or trigger changes in tax rates, credits, deductions, or exemptions over multiple years, such that the impact on households in the first year of enactment may differ substantially from the impact in subsequent years. (3) Tax reductions are frequently offset, in whole or in part, by reductions in Federal benefit programs, including but not limited to programs under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Medicaid, Medicare, Federal student financial assistance, and other programs upon which American households depend. (4) Existing law does not require the Congressional Budget Office or the Joint Committee on Taxation to produce or publicly disclose a year-by-year distributional analysis showing the combined net household impact of tax changes and related benefit reductions across income groups and States. (5) Distributional analysis by the Joint Committee on Taxation is currently estimates the budgetary effects of performed on a discretionary basis and is not a legally mandated component of the legislative process for tax legislation. (6) Without comprehensive, publicly available forecasts, Members of Congress and the American public cannot make fully informed judgments about whether proposed legislation will, on net, benefit or harm households at each income level over 5-to-10-year windows, but such estimates are presented in aggregate terms and do not provide household-level distributional detail across income brackets and States for each year of the projection window. (2) The Joint Committee on Taxation has produced distributional analyses of tax legislation since the 1940s, but such analyses are not legally required and are produced only upon request of Members of Congress or committee staff. (3) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or are subject to triggers that cause the impact on households to change materially from one fiscal year to the next within the budget window. (4) When tax reductions are offset by reductions in Federal benefit programs, including programs under titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act, the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, and Federal education assistance programs, the net fiscal impact on households may differ substantially from the tax change alone. (5) Members of Congress and the public have a right to understand the full, year-by-year fiscal impact of proposed tax changes on households at every income level and in every State before such legislation is brought to a vote. (6) Transparency in the legislative process strengthens public trust in democratic governance and enables citizens to hold their elected representatives accountable.the duration of the legislation's effects. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) COVERED LEGISLATION.—TheLEGISLATION.--The term "covered legislation" means any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report, or amendment between the Houses that contains one or more provisions that would—that-- (A) would amend any provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 in a manner that would increase or decrease Federal revenues by an aggregate amount equal totax liability for any class of individual taxpayers; (B) would modify, reduce, or greater than $1,000,000,000 over the 5-fiscal-year period beginning with the first fiscal year for which the provision would be effective; eliminate funding for, or eligibility for, any Federal benefit program; or (B) contain(C) contains any combination of changesthe provisions described in subparagraphs (A) and (B). (2) FEDERAL BENEFIT PROGRAM.--The term "Federal benefit program" means any program that provides direct payments, subsidies, tax expenditures, vouchers, or in-kind benefits to Federal revenues and reductions in direct spending for Federal benefit programs. (2) DIRECTOR.—The term "Director" means the Director of the Congressional Budget Office. (3) FEDERAL BENEFIT PROGRAM.—The term "Federal benefit program" means any program of the Federal Government that provides direct payments, subsidies, tax credits, vouchers, individuals or in-kind benefits to individuals or households, including—including but not limited to-- (A) benefits the supplemental nutrition assistance program under title II of the Social Security the Food and Nutrition Act (42of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 401 2011 et seq.); (B) benefitsthe program of medical assistance under title XVIII XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 13951396 et seq.); (C) medical assistancethe Medicare program under title XIX of the XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 13961395 et seq.); (D) supplemental nutritionFederal Pell Grants under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a); (E) premium tax credits under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 36B); (F) the earned income tax credit under section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 32); (G) the child tax credit under section 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 24); (H) housing assistance programs under the Food and NutritionUnited States Housing Act of 2008 (71937 (42 U.S.C. 20111437 et seq.); (E) premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions(I) the supplemental security income program under sections 36B and 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Caretitle XVI of the Social Security Act (26(42 U.S.C. 36B; 42 U.S.C. 18071); (F) student financial assistance under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 1381 et seq.); (G) the earned income tax credit(J) the program of block grants for States for temporary assistance for needy families under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); and (K) any other Federal program identified by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office as providing direct or indirect financial benefits to individuals or households. (3) FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST.--The term "Five-Year Household Impact Forecast" means the analysis required under section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 32); (H) the child tax credit under section 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 24); (I) housing assistance under the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.); and (J) any other program identified by the Director as providing direct benefits to individuals or households that would be affected by the covered legislation.4 of this Act. (4) HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST.—TheINCOME GROUP.--The term "household impact forecast" means the analysis required under section 4 of this Act. (5) INCOME BRACKET.—The term "income bracket"group" means each of the following categories of annual household income: (A) Less than $15,000. (B) $15,000 to $30,000. (C) $30,000 to $50,000. (D) $50,000 to $75,000. (E) $75,000 to $100,000. (F) $100,000 to $150,000. (G) $150,000 to $200,000. (H) $200,000 to $500,000. (I) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (J) $1,000,000 and above. (5) NET HOUSEHOLD IMPACT.--The term "net household impact" means the combined effect on a household of-- (A) any change in Federal tax liability (including income taxes, payroll taxes, and excise taxes); and (B) any change in the value of Federal benefits received or for which the household would be eligible, expressed in dollar terms. (6) JOINT COMMITTEE.—TheSUNSET PROVISION.--The term "Joint Committee" "sunset provision" means the Joint Committee any provision of covered legislation that would cause a tax rate, credit, deduction, exemption, or benefit level to expire, revert, or change automatically on Taxation.a specified date or upon the occurrence of a specified condition. (7) PHASE-OUT PROVISION.--The term "phase-out provision" means any provision of covered legislation under which a tax benefit or program benefit is gradually reduced or eliminated as a taxpayer's income increases above a specified threshold. (8) TRIGGER PROVISION.--The term "trigger provision" means any provision of covered legislation under which a tax rate, credit, deduction, exemption, or benefit level changes automatically upon the occurrence of a specified economic condition, including but not limited to changes in the gross domestic product, the unemployment rate, or the Federal debt-to-GDP ratio. SEC. 4. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST REQUIREMENT. (a) Amendment to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.—The 1974.-- Title IV of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 621651 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 402 (2 U.S.C. 653) the following new section: "SEC. 402A.403. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST FOR REVENUE LEGISLATION.FORECAST. "(a) Requirement.—Requirement.-- "(1) IN GENERAL.—BeforeGENERAL.--For any covered legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) maythat is reported by any committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate, or that is proposed as an amendment on the floor of either House, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultation with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall prepare and make publicly available a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast not later than 72 hours before such legislation is scheduled for a vote by the full House of Representatives or the full Senate, as applicable. "(2) RECONCILIATION AND OMNIBUS LEGISLATION.--In the case of any reconciliation bill under section 310 of this Act, or any omnibus legislation containing provisions described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of section 3(1) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026, the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be considered on the floor of either House of Congress, the Director, prepared for each such provision individually and for the legislation as a whole. "(b) Contents of Forecast.--Each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall include the following: "(1) YEAR-BY-YEAR TAX IMPACT ANALYSIS.--For each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year in consultation with the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall prepare and make publicly availablewhich the covered legislation would take effect, an estimate of the change in Federal tax liability for a representative household impact forecast with respect to such legislation. "(2) TIMING.—The household impact forecast required under paragraph (1) shall be—in each income group (as defined in section 3(4) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by-- "(A) completed and transmitted to the committee of jurisdiction not later than 72 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on the floor of the House of Representatives or the Senate;filing status (single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, and head of household); and "(B) simultaneously made availableState of residence, reflecting differences in State and local tax deductibility, cost of living, and other factors that cause the Federal tax impact of legislation to all Members of Congress;vary by State. "(2) IDENTIFICATION OF SUNSET, PHASE-OUT, AND TRIGGER PROVISIONS.--A clear and specific identification of each sunset provision, phase-out provision, and trigger provision (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) contained in the covered legislation, including-- "(A) the date or condition upon which each such provision takes effect; "(B) the specific change in tax rates, credits, deductions, exemptions, or benefit levels that would result; and "(C) publishedthe estimated dollar impact of each such provision on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. "(b) Contents of Household Impact Forecast.—Eacha representative household impact in each income group for each year of the forecast prepared under subsection (a)period. "(3) BENEFIT REDUCTION OFFSET ANALYSIS.--If the covered legislation includes any provision that would reduce, eliminate, or restrict eligibility for any Federal benefit program (as defined in section 3(2) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the forecast shall include the following: "(1) YEAR-BY-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.—For each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year for which any provision of the covered legislation would be effective, a distributional analysis showing—include-- "(A) an identification of each Federal benefit program affected and the estimated changereduction in Federal tax liability benefits, expressed in aggregate dollar terms and as a per-household average, for a representative household in each income bracket (as defined in section 3(5) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by filing status (married filing jointly, head of household, single, and married filing separately); "(B) the estimated average effective Federal tax rategroup and for each such income bracket before and after enactment of the covered legislation; and "(C) the estimated aggregate change in Federal tax liability for all households in each such income bracket. "(2) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.—For each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1), an analysis showing, for each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia— "(A) the estimated aggregate change in Federal tax liability for all households in the State; "(B) the estimated average change in Federal tax liability per household in the State; and "(C) the estimated number of households in the State that would experience a net tax increase and the number that would experience a net tax decrease. "(3) IDENTIFICATION OF SCHEDULED CHANGES.—A clear and prominent disclosure of each provision in the covered legislation that would— "(A) sunset, expire, or terminate during the 5-year of the forecast period; "(B) phasea comparison, for each income group and for each year of the forecast period, of-- "(i) the estimated tax reduction (if any) provided by the covered legislation; and "(ii) the estimated reduction in or phase out during such period;Federal benefits resulting from the covered legislation; expressed as a net household impact in dollar terms; and "(C) be subject to any trigger, threshold,a clear statement, in plain language, for each income group, indicating whether the net household impact of the covered legislation is positive (the household is better off), negative (the household is worse off), or contingency that could cause the provision to take effect, change neutral for each year of the forecast period. "(4) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.--A summary table showing, for each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia, the estimated net household impact for a representative household in magnitude, or cease to apply during such period; or "(D) result in a change in tax rates, deductions, credits, or exemptions that differs in any fiscal each income group for each year from the change in the first fiscal year. "(4) BENEFIT PROGRAM OFFSET DISCLOSURE.—If the covered legislation includes any provision that would reduce direct spending of the forecast period. "(5) CUMULATIVE FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY.--A cumulative five-year summary for any Federal benefit program (as defined in section 3(3) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the household impact forecast shall include, for each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1)—income group showing-- "(A) an identification of eachthe total estimated change in Federal benefit program for which direct spending would be reduced; "(B) the estimated aggregate reduction in benefits under each such program; "(C) for each income bracket, the estimated average reduction in benefits per household resulting from such spending reductions; "(D) for each income bracket, a net impact analysis showing the combined effect of— "(i) the change in Federal tax liability under paragraph (1); and "(ii) the estimated reduction in Federal benefits under this paragraph, expressed as a single net dollar figure representing the total estimated change in household fiscal position; and "(E) for each State, the estimated aggregate reduction in Federal benefits and the estimated net fiscal impact per household combining tax changes and benefit reductions. "(5) PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY.—A plain-language summary, written at a reading level accessible to the general public, that— "(A) describes the overall effect of the covered legislation on households in each income bracket for each year ofover the 5-year forecast period; "(B) highlights any yearthe total estimated change in which the net fiscal impact on any income bracket reverses direction (from net benefit to net cost, or vice versa);Federal benefits received over the 5-year period; and "(C) the total net household impact over the 5-year period. "(6) PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY.--A plain language summary of the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast, written at a reading level accessible to the general public (not higher than an 8th-grade reading level as measured by the Flesch-Kincaid readability test), that-- "(A) describes the overall effect of the covered legislation on households in each income group; "(B) identifies theany year in which a household in any income brackets and Statesgroup would experience a net negative impact after initially experiencing a net positive impact; and "(C) identifies any sunset, phase-out, or trigger provision that would experience the largestcause the impact of the legislation to change materially after the first year of enactment. "(c) Methodology.-- "(1) COORDINATION.--The Director of the Congressional Budget Office and the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation shall jointly develop and publish the methodology to be used in preparing Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(2) BENEFIT VALUATION.--In estimating the value of Federal benefits for purposes of the net household impact calculation, the Director shall-- "(A) use the market value or cash-equivalent value of benefits, as applicable; "(B) account for differences in benefit and the largest net cost under the utilization rates across income groups and States; and "(C) include both direct benefits (such as cash payments and tax credits) and indirect benefits (such as premium subsidies and in-kind assistance). "(3) TAX INCIDENCE.--In estimating changes in Federal tax liability, the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation shall account for-- "(A) the direct statutory incidence of tax changes on individual taxpayers; "(B) the estimated economic incidence of changes in corporate taxes, excise taxes, and payroll taxes on households, consistent with the distributional methodology of the Joint Committee on Taxation; and "(C) behavioral responses to tax changes, to the extent such responses are incorporated in conventional revenue estimates. "(4) ASSUMPTIONS.--The forecast shall clearly state all material economic assumptions used, including assumptions regarding inflation, wage growth, employment levels, and interest rates, and shall be consistent with the most recent baseline projections of the Congressional Budget Office. "(5) UPDATES.--If covered legislation;legislation is amended in a material respect after the initial Five-Year Household Impact Forecast is prepared, the Director shall prepare and publish an updated forecast not later than 48 hours before any subsequent vote on the amended legislation. "(d) Public Availability.-- "(1) PUBLICATION.--Each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be-- "(A) published on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office; "(B) transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President pro tempore of the Senate, and the chairmen and ranking members of the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on Finance; "(C) entered into the Congressional Record; and "(D) ismade available in a machine-readable, open data format suitable for analysis by the public, researchers, and the press. "(2) TIMING.--No Five-Year Household Impact Forecast shall be treated as satisfying the requirements of this section unless it has been publicly available for not longer fewer than 5 pages. "(c) Methodology.— "(1) REVENUE ESTIMATES.—For purposes of the distributional analysis required under subsection (b)(1), the Director shall use revenue estimates provided72 hours before the first vote on the covered legislation by the Joint Committee full House of Representatives or the full Senate. "(e) Prohibition on Taxation, consistent with Waiver.--The requirements of this section 201(f) of this Act (2 U.S.C. 601(f)). "(2) BENEFIT PROGRAM ESTIMATES.—For purposes of the benefit program offset disclosure required under subsection (b)(4), the Director shall use the baseline projections of the Congressional Budget Office and shall estimate the reductionmay not be waived by unanimous consent, suspension of the rules, or any special rule or order of the House of Representatives or the Senate, except upon a two-thirds vote of the Members present and voting in benefits to households using the best available data from the relevant Federal agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Education, the Social Security Administration, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. "(3) STATE-LEVEL DATA.—The Director and the Joint Committee shall use State-level tax return data available from the Internal Revenue Service Statistics of Income Division, data from the Bureau of the Census, and such other data sources as the Director determines appropriate to produce the State-by-State analysis required under subsection (b)(2). "(4) ASSUMPTIONS.—The household impact forecast shall— "(A) assume that all provisions of the covered legislation that are scheduled to sunset, phase out, or otherwise change during the 5-year period will sunset, phase out, or change as written in the legislation; "(B) not assume the enactment of any subsequent legislation to extend, modify, or replace any provision of the covered legislation; and "(C) disclose all material economic and technical assumptions used in preparing the forecast. "(d) Updates.— "(1) AMENDMENTS.—If covered legislation is substantively amended after the household impact forecast has been prepared, the Director shall prepare an updated household impact forecast before the amended legislation may be considered on the floor of either House. "(2) CONFERENCE REPORTS.—A household impact forecast shall be prepared for any conference report on covered legislation before such conference report may be considered on the floor of eitherthe applicable House.". (b) Conforming AmendmentAmendment.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to Table of Contents.—The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 402 the following: "Sec. 402A. Five-year household impact forecast for revenue legislation.".403. Five-Year Household Impact Forecast.". SEC. 5. POINT OF ORDER. (a) In the House of Representatives.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider any covered legislation unless a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast meeting the requirements of section 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been publicly available for not fewer than 72 hours. (2) DISPOSITION OF POINT OF ORDER.--A point of order under paragraph (1) may be raised by any Member of the House of Representatives. If the point of order is sustained, the covered legislation shall be recommitted to the committee of jurisdiction with instructions to ensure that the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast is prepared and made publicly available before the legislation is again reported. (b) In the Senate.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered legislation unless a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast meeting the requirements of section 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been publicly available for not fewer than 72 hours. (2) SUPERMAJORITY WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended only by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.--An affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate duly chosen and sworn shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1). SEC. 6. AMENDMENT TO DUTIES OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION. Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8022) is amendedamended-- (1) by adding at the endredesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: "(5)"(4) FIVE-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.—HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECASTS.-- "(A) IN GENERAL.—With respect to any covered legislation (as definedGENERAL.--To prepare, in coordination with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the tax liability components of each Five-Year Household Impact Forecast required under section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency 403 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 2026), the Joint Committee shall prepare and transmit to the Director of the Congressional Budget Office a year-by-year 1974, including distributional analysis of the revenue provisions of such legislation for each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year for which any provision would be effective.analyses disaggregated by income group, filing status, and State of residence. "(B) CONTENTS.—The analysis requiredMANDATORY DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.-- Notwithstanding any prior practice or convention, the preparation of distributional analyses under subparagraph (A) this paragraph shall include— "(i) the estimated changebe a mandatory duty of the Joint Committee with respect to all covered legislation (as defined in Federal tax liability for each income bracket (as defined in section 3(5)3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by filing status; "(ii) the estimated change in Federal tax liability by State; and "(iii) a clear identification of each provision that would sunset, phase in, phase out,and shall not be subject to the discretion of any Member, committee, or be subject to any trigger or contingency during the 5-year period.staff. "(C) TIMING.—The analysis requiredPUBLIC DISCLOSURE.--All distributional analyses prepared under this paragraph shall be completed and transmitted to the Director not later than 96 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on the floor of either House of Congress. "(D) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—The analysis required under this paragraph shall be made publicly available on the website of the Joint Committee on Taxation simultaneously with its transmittal to the Director.".the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast of which they form a part.". SEC. 6. POINT OF ORDER.7. ONLINE HOUSEHOLD IMPACT TOOL. (a) In the House of Representatives.— (1) IN GENERAL.—ItEstablishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, in consultation with the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall not bedevelop and maintain a publicly accessible, interactive online tool (referred to in order in the House of Representatives this section as the "Household Impact Calculator") that allows any individual to consider estimate the net household impact of any covered legislation unless the household impact forecast required under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act)for which a Five-Year Household Impact Forecast has been— (A) completed and made available to all Members of the House of Representatives not later than 72 hours before consideration of such legislation; and (B) published on the public websites of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. (2) WAIVER.—The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the House of Representatives only by a vote of not fewer than three-fifths of the Members present and voting, a quorum being present. (3) DISPOSITION OF POINT OF ORDER.—A point of order under paragraph (1) may be raised by any Member of the House of Representatives. If the point of order is sustained, the covered legislation shall be recommitted to the committee of jurisdiction until the household impact forecast is completed and made available as required.been prepared. (b) In the Senate.—Functionality.--The Household Impact Calculator shall allow a user to input-- (1) IN GENERAL.—Itthe user's State of residence; (2) the user's filing status; (3) the user's approximate annual household income; (4) the number of dependents in the user's household; and (5) whether the user's household currently receives benefits from any Federal benefit program identified in the Five-Year Household Impact Forecast; and shall not begenerate an estimate of the user's net household impact for each year of the 5-year forecast period, based on the data contained in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered legislation unless the household impact forecast required under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been— (A) completed and made available to all Members of the Senate not later than 72 hours before consideration of such legislation; and (B) published on the public websites of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. (2) WAIVER.—The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived in the Senate only by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.—An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1).the applicable Five-Year Household Impact Forecast. (c) Application to Conference Reports.—The requirements of subsections (a) and (b)Privacy.--The Household Impact Calculator shall apply tonot collect, store, or transmit any conference reportpersonally identifiable information. All calculations shall be performed locally on covered legislation.the user's device or through anonymized server-side processing that retains no user data. (d) ApplicationAccessibility.--The Household Impact Calculator shall comply with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d) and shall be available in English and Spanish. (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to Reconciliation.—The requirements ofbe appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, and such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter, to carry out this section shall apply to any covered legislation considered pursuant to section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 641), including any reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution. section. SEC. 7. ONLINE PUBLIC ACCESS PORTAL.8. ANNUAL RETROSPECTIVE ACCURACY REPORT. (a) Establishment.—NotRequirement.--Beginning not later than 180 days2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director,and annually thereafter, the Director of the Congressional Budget Office shall prepare and publish a report comparing-- (1) the estimates contained in coordinationeach Five-Year Household Impact Forecast prepared during the preceding 5-year period; with the Joint Committee, shall establish and maintain a publicly accessible, searchable website (referred (2) the actual household impacts, to in this section as the "Tax Transparency Portal") that— (1) publishes each household impact forecast prepared under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act); (2) allows users to view the estimated impact of covered legislation by— (A) income bracket; (B) filing status; (C) State; and (D) fiscal year; (3) displays the net fiscal impact analysis required under section 402A(b)(4)(D) ofthe extent such Act in a clear, graphical format showing, for each income bracket and each fiscal year— (A) the estimated change in tax liability; (B) the estimated change in data are available from the Internal Revenue Service, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Census Bureau, and other Federal benefits; and (C) the net combined effect; (4) includes the plain-language summary required under section 402A(b)(5) of such Act; and (5) archives all household impact forecasts for not fewer than 10 years after the date of publication.statistical agencies. (b) Accessibility.—The Tax Transparency Portal shall—Contents.--Each report under subsection (a) shall include-- (1) comply withan assessment of the accuracy of prior forecasts, disaggregated by income group and State; (2) an identification of the primary sources of forecast error; and (3) recommendations for improving the methodology used in preparing Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts. (c) Public Availability.--Each report under this section 508 of the Rehabilitation shall be published on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office and transmitted to the committees identified in section 403(d)(1)(B) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d); (2) be available in English and Spanish; and (3) be optimized for access on mobile devices. 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act). SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION9. RULE OF APPROPRIATIONS.CONSTRUCTION. (a) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to-- (1) limit or modify the existing authority of the Congressional Budget Office.—There are authorizedOffice under section 202 or 402 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602, 653) to be appropriated prepare cost estimates or other analyses; (2) limit or modify the existing authority of the Joint Committee on Taxation under section 8021 or 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8021, 8022) to the Congressional Budget Office such sums as may be necessary to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act, including— (1) the hiring of not more than 25 additional analysts with expertise in distributional analysis, State-level tax modeling, and Federal benefit program analysis; (2) the acquisitionconduct investigations, prepare revenue estimates, or development of data systems and modeling tools necessary to produce household impact forecasts; and perform other analyses; (3) the establishment and maintenance of the Tax Transparency Portalrequire the disclosure of any information that is protected from disclosure under section 7. (b) Joint Committee on Taxation.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Joint Committee on Taxation such sums as may be necessary to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act, including— (1) the hiring of not more than 15 additional analysts with expertise in distributional analysis and State-level revenue modeling; and (2) the acquisition6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6103) or development of data systems and modeling tools necessary to produce the analyses required under section 8022(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by section 5 of this Act). (c) Data Sharing.—The Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Education, the Commissioner of Social Security, and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall, upon request of the Directorany other provision of law; or the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, provide such data as is necessary to carry out this Act, subject to applicable privacy protections under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6103) and other applicable Federal law. (4) create any private right of action against the United States, any agency or instrumentality thereof, or any officer or employee thereof. SEC. 9. RULEMAKING.10. SEVERABILITY. (a) Exercise of Rulemaking Powers.—Sections 6(a) and 6(b) are enacted by the Congress— (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and asIf any provision of this Act, or the application of such they provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, the remainder of this Act, and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances, shall not be considered as part of the rules of each House, respectively, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and (2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change such rules (so far as relating to the procedure in such House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of such House.affected thereby. SEC. 10.11. EFFECTIVE DATE. (a) In General.—ExceptGeneral.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date that is 270180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Interim Period.—During the period beginningPoint of Order.--Section 5 of this Act shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act and endingAct, to allow the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on the date that is 270 days after such date of enactment— (1) the Director and the Joint Committee shallTaxation sufficient time to develop the methodologies, data systems, and staffing the methodology and capacity necessary required to carry out the requirements of this Act; and (2) the Director shall publish, not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, a report describing the methodology to be used in preparing household impact forecasts, and shall provide a 30-day public comment period on such methodology before finalizing it.prepare Five-Year Household Impact Forecasts. (c) Application.—TheApplication.--The requirements of this Act shall apply to any covered legislation introduced or reported on or after the applicable effective date described inunder subsection (a).(a) or (b). ``` ---
Version 2 - 2026-04-17
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Title
Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act
Motivation
ThereThe isBig tooBeautiful muchBill baitpromised tax cuts for hard-working families. In reality, those cuts are funded by cuts to education, healthcare and switchSNAP when it comes to tax changes.benefits. What looks like a tax break in year one ends up costing Americans more, much more, in the long run. IfThis taxesbait-and-switch goshould downbe $500against thisthe yearlaw. but go up $1200 in three years we have a right to know that.
Short Description
Americans deserve to know the truth before tax changes are voted on. This Act would require congress to show every household what a tax increase or decrease actually means for them, not just this year but over the next five years. Stop the bait-and-switch. Stop hiding the fine print.
Outline
1. This proposal is to demand Congress be fully transparent with tax changes. They must give a five year forecast showing what this means for me. Include scheduled sunsets, phase-outs, rate changes or triggers built into the legislation. 2. This forecast must be explicit for each tax bracket and state. 3. Include the trade off. If a tax cut is paid for by slashing programs Americans rely on, this need to be disclosed for each tax bracket.
Analysis Summary
The Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act wouldis requirea Congressprocedural toreform producerequiring detailed,mandatory, household-level, five-yearyear-by-year distributional forecastsanalysis of major tax legislation —before floor votes, including disclosureimpacts by income bracket, state, and the net effect of sunsets,offsetting phase-outs,benefit cuts. Constitutionally sound and programmodestly trade-offscostly —(~$0.2B beforeover any10 vote.years), it is directly motivated by the distributional dynamics of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which CBO found shifts resources from lower-income to higher-income households. While it buildschanges onno existingtax CBO/JCTor analyticalspending infrastructurepolicy anddirectly, addresses a well-documentedits transparency gap (particularly around sunset provisions used as budget gimmicks), it would impose significant operational burdens on congressional scoring agencies andrequirements could slowmeaningfully thealter future legislative process.dynamics Asby aensuring proceduraldistributional measure, its direct fiscal cost is modest ($150-300 million over 10 years for additional analytical capacity), but its indirect effects on legislative behavior and fiscal responsibilitytrade-offs are uncertain.visible before votes occur.
Fiscal Impact
Increases debt by $2 per household
Congressional Bill
119th CONGRESS 2d Session H.R. ___ To amend the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Joint Committee on Taxation and the Congressional Budget Office to prepare and publicly release a five-year household tax impact forecast for all legislation that would amend the Internal Revenue Code, including distributional analysis by income bracket, filing status, and State, and disclosure of any offsetting reductions in Federal programs, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES __________, 2026 Mr./Ms. __________ introduced the following bill; which was referred referred to the Committee on the Budget, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, and the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition tofor a period to be the Committee on Rules and the Committee on the Budget,subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for aconsideration period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each caseof such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned _______________________________________________________ A BILL To amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require comprehensive Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Joint Committee on Taxationfive-year household impact forecasts, including distributional and the Congressional Budget Office to prepare and publiclyanalyses by income bracket and State, and disclosure of offsetting release a five-year household tax impact forecastreductions in Federal benefit programs, for all legislation legislation that would amend the Internal Revenue Code, including distributional analysis by income bracket, filing status, and State, and disclosure of any offsetting reductions incontaining changes to Federal programs, revenues, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026". SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) The American peopleCongressional Budget Office currently estimates the budgetary effects of legislation over 5-to-10-year windows, but such estimates are presented in aggregate terms and do not provide household-level distributional detail across income brackets and States for each year of the projection window. (2) The Joint Committee on Taxation has produced distributional analyses of tax legislation since the 1940s, but such analyses are not legally required and are produced only upon request of Members of Congress or committee staff. (3) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or are subject to triggers that cause the impact on households to change materially from one fiscal year to the next within the budget window. (4) When tax reductions are offset by reductions in Federal benefit programs, including programs under titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act, the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, and Federal education assistance programs, the net fiscal impact on households may differ substantially from the tax change alone. (5) Members of Congress and the public have a right to understand the full, year-by-year fiscal impact of proposed tax changes on households at every income level and in every State before such legislation is brought to a vote. (6) Transparency in the legislative process strengthens public trust in democratic governance and enables citizens to hold their elected representatives accountable. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) COVERED LEGISLATION.—The term "covered legislation" means any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report, or amendment between the Houses that contains one or more provisions that would— (A) amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 in a manner that would increase or decrease Federal revenues by an aggregate amount equal to or greater than $1,000,000,000 over the 5-fiscal-year period beginning with the first fiscal year for which the provision would be effective; or (B) contain any combination of changes to Federal revenues and reductions in direct spending for Federal benefit programs. (2) DIRECTOR.—The term "Director" means the Director of the Congressional Budget Office. (3) FEDERAL BENEFIT PROGRAM.—The term "Federal benefit program" means any program of the Federal Government that provides direct payments, subsidies, tax credits, vouchers, or in-kind benefits to individuals or households, including— (A) benefits under title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.); (B) benefits under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.); (C) medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); (D) supplemental nutrition assistance under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); (E) premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions under sections 36B and 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (26 U.S.C. 36B; 42 U.S.C. 18071); (F) student financial assistance under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.); (G) the earned income tax credit under section 32 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 32); (H) the child tax credit under section 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 24); (I) housing assistance under the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.); and (J) any other program identified by the Director as providing direct benefits to individuals or households that would be affected by the covered legislation. (4) HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST.—The term "household impact forecast" means the analysis required under section 4 of this Act. (5) INCOME BRACKET.—The term "income bracket" means each of the following categories of annual household income: (A) Less than $15,000. (B) $15,000 to $30,000. (C) $30,000 to $50,000. (D) $50,000 to $75,000. (E) $75,000 to $100,000. (F) $100,000 to $150,000. (G) $150,000 to $200,000. (H) $200,000 to $500,000. (I) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (J) $1,000,000 and above. (6) JOINT COMMITTEE.—The term "Joint Committee" means the Joint Committee on Taxation. SEC. 4. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST REQUIREMENT. (a) Amendment to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.—The full, long-termCongressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 621 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 402 (2 U.S.C. 653) the following new section: "SEC. 402A. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD IMPACT FORECAST FOR REVENUE LEGISLATION. "(a) Requirement.— "(1) IN GENERAL.—Before any covered legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) may be considered on the floor of either House of Congress, the Director, in consultation with the Joint Committee on Taxation, shall prepare and make publicly available a household impact offorecast with respect to such legislation. "(2) TIMING.—The household impact forecast required under paragraph (1) shall be— "(A) completed and transmitted to the committee of jurisdiction not later than 72 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on the floor of the House of Representatives or the Senate; "(B) simultaneously made available to all Members of Congress; and "(C) published on the public website of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. "(b) Contents of Household Impact Forecast.—Each household impact forecast prepared under subsection (a) shall include the following: "(1) YEAR-BY-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.—For each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year for which any provision of the covered legislation would be effective, a distributional analysis showing— "(A) the estimated change in Federal tax liability for a representative household in each income bracket (as defined in section 3(5) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by filing status (married filing jointly, head of household, single, and married filing separately); "(B) the estimated average effective Federal tax rate for each such income bracket before and after enactment of the covered legislation; and "(C) the estimated aggregate change in Federal tax liability for all households in each such income bracket. "(2) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.—For each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1), an analysis showing, for each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia— "(A) the estimated aggregate change in Federal tax liability for all households in the State; "(B) the estimated average change in Federal tax liability per household in the State; and "(C) the estimated number of households in the State that would experience a net tax increase and the number that would experience a net tax decrease. "(3) IDENTIFICATION OF SCHEDULED CHANGES.—A clear and prominent disclosure of each provision in the covered legislation that would— "(A) sunset, expire, or terminate during the 5-year forecast period; "(B) phase in or phase out during such period; "(C) be subject to any trigger, threshold, or contingency that could cause the provision to take effect, change in magnitude, or cease to apply during such period; or "(D) result in a change in tax rates, deductions, credits, or exemptions that differs in any fiscal year from the change in the first fiscal year. "(4) BENEFIT PROGRAM OFFSET DISCLOSURE.—If the covered legislation includes any provision that would reduce direct spending for any Federal benefit program (as defined in section 3(3) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the household impact forecast shall include, for each of the 5 fiscal years described in paragraph (1)— "(A) an identification of each Federal benefit program for which direct spending would be reduced; "(B) the estimated aggregate reduction in benefits under each such program; "(C) for each income bracket, the estimated average reduction in benefits per household resulting from such spending reductions; "(D) for each income bracket, a net impact analysis showing the combined effect of— "(i) the change in Federal tax liability under paragraph (1); and "(ii) the estimated reduction in Federal benefits under this paragraph, expressed as a single net dollar figure representing the total estimated change in household fiscal position; and "(E) for each State, the estimated aggregate reduction in Federal benefits and the estimated net fiscal impact per household combining tax changes to theand benefit reductions. "(5) PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY.—A plain-language summary, written at a reading level accessible to the general public, that— "(A) describes the overall effect of the covered legislation on households in each income bracket for each year of the 5-year forecast period; "(B) highlights any year in which the net fiscal impact on any income bracket reverses direction (from net benefit to net cost, or vice versa); "(C) identifies the income brackets and States that would experience the largest net benefit and the largest net cost under the covered legislation; and "(D) is not longer than 5 pages. "(c) Methodology.— "(1) REVENUE ESTIMATES.—For purposes of the distributional analysis required under subsection (b)(1), the Director shall use revenue estimates provided by the Joint Committee on Taxation, consistent with section 201(f) of this Act (2 U.S.C. 601(f)). "(2) BENEFIT PROGRAM ESTIMATES.—For purposes of the benefit program offset disclosure required under subsection (b)(4), the Director shall use the baseline projections of the Congressional Budget Office and shall estimate the reduction in benefits to households using the best available data from the relevant Federal agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Education, the Social Security Administration, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. "(3) STATE-LEVEL DATA.—The Director and the Joint Committee shall use State-level tax codereturn data available from the Internal Revenue Service Statistics of Income Division, data from the Bureau of the Census, and such other data sources as the Director determines appropriate to produce the State-by-State analysis required under subsection (b)(2). "(4) ASSUMPTIONS.—The household impact forecast shall— "(A) assume that all provisions of the covered legislation that are scheduled to sunset, phase out, or otherwise change during the 5-year period will sunset, phase out, or change as written in the legislation; "(B) not assume the enactment of any subsequent legislation to extend, modify, or replace any provision of the covered legislation; and "(C) disclose all material economic and technical assumptions used in preparing the forecast. "(d) Updates.— "(1) AMENDMENTS.—If covered legislation is substantively amended after the household impact forecast has been prepared, the Director shall prepare an updated household impact forecast before the amended legislation may be considered on the floor of either House. "(2) CONFERENCE REPORTS.—A household impact forecast shall be prepared for any conference report on covered legislation before such conference report may be considered on the floor of either House.". (b) Conforming Amendment to Table of Contents.—The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 402 the following: "Sec. 402A. Five-year household impact forecast for revenue legislation.". SEC. 5. DUTIES OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION. Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8022) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: "(5) FIVE-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.— "(A) IN GENERAL.—With respect to any covered legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), the Joint Committee shall prepare and transmit to the Director of the Congressional Budget Office a year-by-year distributional analysis of the revenue provisions of such legislation for each of the 5 fiscal years beginning with the first fiscal year for which any provision would be effective. "(B) CONTENTS.—The analysis required under subparagraph (A) shall include— "(i) the estimated change in Federal tax liability for each income bracket (as defined in section 3(5) of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026), disaggregated by filing status; "(ii) the estimated change in Federal tax liability by State; and "(iii) a clear identification of each provision that would sunset, phase in, phase out, or be subject to any trigger or contingency during the 5-year period. "(C) TIMING.—The analysis required under this paragraph shall be completed and transmitted to the Director not later than 96 hours before the covered legislation is scheduled for consideration on theirthe floor of either House of Congress. "(D) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—The analysis required under this paragraph shall be made publicly available on the website of the Joint Committee on Taxation simultaneously with its transmittal to the Director.". SEC. 6. POINT OF ORDER. (a) In the House of Representatives.— (1) IN GENERAL.—It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider any covered legislation unless the household finances impact forecast required under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been— (A) completed and made available to all Members of the House of Representatives not later than 72 hours before consideration of such changes are enactedlegislation; and (B) published on the public websites of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. (2) WAIVER.—The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the House of Representatives only by a vote of not fewer than three-fifths of the Members present and voting, a quorum being present. (3) DISPOSITION OF POINT OF ORDER.—A point of order under paragraph (1) may be raised by any Member of the House of Representatives. If the point of order is sustained, the covered legislation shall be recommitted to the committee of jurisdiction until the household impact forecast is completed and made available as required. (b) In the Senate.— (1) IN GENERAL.—It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered legislation unless the household impact forecast required under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act) has been— (A) completed and made available to all Members of the Senate not later than 72 hours before consideration of such legislation; and (B) published on the public websites of the Congressional Budget Office and the Joint Committee on Taxation. (2) WAIVER.—The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived in the Senate only by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.—An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1). (c) Application to Conference Reports.—The requirements of into law. (2) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or otherwise change in effect over time, such that the impact on a household in the first year of enactment may differ substantially from the impact in subsequent years. (3) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-97) included individual income tax provisions scheduled to sunset after December 31, 2025, illustrating how short-term tax relief can mask long-term tax increases for American families. (4) Existing law requires the Joint Committeesubsections (a) and (b) shall apply to any conference report on Taxation to provide revenue estimates and tax complexitycovered legislation. (d) Application to Reconciliation.—The requirements of this analyses for reported tax legislation, but does not requiresection shall apply to any covered legislation considered a publicly available, year-by-year distributional analysispursuant to section 310 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 showing the projected impact on households across income(2 U.S.C. 641), including any reconciliation bill or brackets, filing statuses, and States for each year over a five-year period. (5) When tax reductions are offset by reductions in Federal spending programs, including programs that provide direct benefits to households such as Medicare, Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and Federal education assistance, the net effect on household economic well-being may differ significantly from the tax change alone. (6) Transparency and informed deliberation are foundational principles of representative government, and Members of Congress and the public they serve deserve complete information before voting on legislation that affects every American taxpayer.reconciliation resolution. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In7. ONLINE PUBLIC ACCESS PORTAL. (a) Establishment.—Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act: (1) COVERED TAX LEGISLATION.--The term "covered tax legislation" means any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report, or amendment between the Houses that includes one or more provisions which would directly or indirectly amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and which, in the aggregate, would increase or decrease Federal revenues by more than $1,000,000,000 over the 5-fiscal-year period beginningAct, the Director, in coordination with the first fiscal year for which the provision would be effective. (2) DISTRIBUTIONAL INCOME CATEGORY.--The term "distributional income category" means each of the following categories of expanded income (as defined by the Joint CommitteeCommittee, shall establish and maintain a publicly accessible, searchable website (referred to in this section as the "Tax Transparency Portal") that— (1) publishes each household impact forecast prepared under section 402A of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (as added by section 4 of this Act); (2) allows users to view the estimated impact of covered legislation by— (A) income bracket; (B) filing status; (C) State; and (D) fiscal year; (3) displays the net fiscal impact analysis required under section 402A(b)(4)(D) of such Act in a clear, graphical format showing, for each income bracket and each fiscal year— (A) the estimated change in tax liability; (B) the estimated change in Federal benefits; and (C) the net combined effect; (4) includes the plain-language summary required under section 402A(b)(5) of such Act; and (5) archives all household impact forecasts for not fewer than 10 years after the date of publication. (b) Accessibility.—The Tax Transparency Portal shall— (1) comply with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794d); (2) be available in English and Spanish; and (3) be optimized for access on Taxation): (A) Less than $10,000. (B) $10,000 to $20,000. (C) $20,000 to $30,000. (D) $30,000 to $40,000. (E) $40,000 to $50,000. (F) $50,000 to $75,000. (G) $75,000 to $100,000. (H) $100,000 to $200,000. (I) $200,000 to $500,000. (J) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (K) $1,000,000 and over. (3) FILING STATUS.--The term "filing status" means each of the following: (A) Single individuals. (B) Heads of households. (C) Married individuals filing jointly. (D) Married individuals filing separately. (4) FIVE-YEAR FORECAST PERIOD.--The term "five-year forecast period" means the period of 5 consecutive taxable years beginning with the first taxable year for which any provision of the covered tax legislation would be effective. (5) JOINT COMMITTEE.--The term "Joint Committee" means the Joint Committee on Taxation established under section 8001 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8001). (6) OFFICE.--The term "Office" means the Congressional Budget Office established under section 201 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 601). (7) OFFSETTING SPENDING REDUCTION.--The term "offsetting spending reduction" means any reduction in budget authority, outlays, or entitlement authority for any Federal program that is contained in, or legislatively linked to, covered tax legislation through the same bill, reconciliation instruction, or concurrent budget resolution. (8) STATE.--The term "State" means each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia.mobile devices. SEC. 4. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD TAX IMPACT FORECAST. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. (a) Requirement.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--The Joint Committee, in consultation with the Office, the Department of the Treasury, and the Internal Revenue Service, shall prepare and publicly release a Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecast (hereinafter in this Act referred to as the "Forecast") for each item of covered tax legislation-- (A) not later than 72 hours before the first vote on such legislation by the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Finance of the Senate, or any committee of conference; and (B) not later than 48 hours before any vote on final passage of such legislation by the House of Representatives or the Senate. (2) UPDATED FORECASTS.--If covered tax legislation is substantively amended after the initial Forecast is released, the Joint Committee shall prepare and publicly release an updated Forecast reflecting such amendments not later than 48 hours before any subsequent vote described in paragraph (1)(B). (b) Contents of Forecast.--Each Forecast prepared under subsection (a) shall include the following: (1) YEAR-BY-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.--For each taxable year within the five-year forecast period, a table showing, for each distributional income category and each filing status-- (A) the estimated average change in Federal income tax liability per tax return; (B) the estimated aggregate change in Federal income tax liability; (C) the estimated average effective Federal tax rate under current law and under the covered tax legislation; and (D) the estimated number of tax returns affected. (2) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.--For each taxable year within the five-year forecast period, a table showing, for each State and for each distributional income category-- (A) the estimated average change in Federal income tax liability per tax return; and (B) the estimated aggregate change in Federal income tax liability. (3) IDENTIFICATION OF TEMPORAL PROVISIONS.--A clearly labeled section identifying each provision of the covered tax legislation that-- (A) is scheduled to sunset, expire, or terminate during or after the five-year forecast period; (B) includes a phase-in or phase-out of any tax benefit, rate, deduction, credit, or exemption; (C) includes a scheduled change in any tax rate, threshold, limitation, or other parameter; (D) is triggered by or contingent upon any economic indicator, revenue target, or other condition; or (E) includes any indexing provision that would cause the effective tax rate or tax liability to change over time. For each such provision, the Forecast shall include a plain-language description of the provision, the taxable year in which the change takes effect, and the estimated impact on each distributional income category for the taxable year immediately before and immediately after such change takes effect. (4) OFFSETTING SPENDING REDUCTION DISCLOSURE.-- (A) IN GENERAL.--If the covered tax legislation includes, or is legislatively linked to, any offsetting spending reduction, the Forecast shall include a supplemental analysis showing, for each distributional income category and each State-- (i) the estimated annual dollar value of the reduction in Federal program benefits or services per household for each year of the five-year forecast period; (ii) the specific Federal programs affected and the estimated reduction in budget authority or outlays for each such program for each year of the five-year forecast period; and (iii) the estimated net impact on household economic well-being, calculated as the sum of the change in Federal tax liability and the change in the value of Federal program benefits or services, for each distributional income category. (B) PROGRAMS TO BE ANALYZED.--The supplemental analysis under subparagraph (A) shall include, at a minimum, any offsetting spending reduction affecting the following programs: (i) Benefits under title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). (ii) Benefits under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) (Medicare). (iii) Medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) (Medicaid). (iv) Benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.). (v) Federal Pell Grants under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a). (vi) Assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) (housing choice vouchers). (vii) Any other Federal program for which the estimated reduction in budget authority or outlays exceeds $500,000,000 in any single fiscal year within the five-year forecast period. (5) CUMULATIVE FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY.--A summary table showing, for each distributional income category, each filing status, and each State-- (A) the cumulative estimated change in Federal income tax liability over the five-year forecast period; (B) the cumulative estimated change in the value of Federal program benefits or services over the five-year forecast period (if applicable under paragraph (4)); and (C) the cumulative estimated net impact on household economic well-being over the five-year forecast period. (6) PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY.--A plain-language summary, written at a reading level accessible to the general public, that describes-- (A) the overall effect of the covered tax legislation on taxpayers in each distributional income category for each year of the five-year forecast period; (B) any year in which the direction of the tax change reverses (for example, a tax decrease in year 1 that becomes a tax increase in year 3) for any distributional income category; and (C) the net combined effect of tax changes and any offsetting spending reductions on households in each distributional income category. SEC. 5. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND CONGRESSIONAL ACCESS. (a) Public Release.-- (1) WEBSITE.--Each Forecast prepared under section 4 shall be made publicly available, free of charge, on the official website of the Joint Committee on Taxation and the official website of the Congressional Budget Office not later than the applicable deadline specified in section 4(a). (2) MACHINE-READABLE FORMAT.--Each Forecast shallOffice.—There are authorized to be published in both a human-readable document format and a machine-readable, downloadable data format to facilitate independent analysis by researchers, journalists, and the public. (3) CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.--The plain-language summary required under section 4(b)(6) shall be printed in the appropriated to the Congressional Record not later than 24 hours before any vote on final passage of the covered tax legislation by the House of Representatives or the Senate. (b) Transmission to Members.--The Joint Committee shall transmit each Forecast electronically to every Member of the House of Representatives and every Senator not later than the applicable deadline specified in section 4(a). (c) INTERACTIVE TOOL.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee, in consultation with the Office, shall develop and make publicly available on its website an interactive online tool that allows any individual to estimate the projected impact of covered tax legislation on a household based on the individual's income level, filing status, and State of residence. SEC. 6. POINT OF ORDER. (a) In the House of Representatives.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider any covered tax legislation for which the Forecast required under section 4 has not been publicly released in accordance with the deadlines specified in section 4(a) and made available to every Member of the House of Representatives. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the House of Representatives only by a specific provision in a special rule reported by the Committee on Rules, which rule shall require an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members voting, a quorum being present. (b) In the Senate.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered tax legislation for which the Forecast required under section 4 has not been publicly released in accordance with the deadlines specified in section 4(a) and made available to every Senator. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived in the Senate only by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.--An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required in the Senate to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1). (c) Rulemaking.-- (1) IN THE HOUSE.--The provisions of subsection (a) are enacted by the CongressBudget Office such sums as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of the House, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith. The provisions of subsection (a) may be changed by the House in the same manner and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of the House. (2) IN THE SENATE.--The provisions of subsection (b) are enacted by the Congress as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of the Senate, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith. The provisions of subsection (b) may be changednecessary to carry out the additional duties imposed by the Senate in the same manner and to the samethis extent as in the case of any other rule of the Senate. SEC.Act, including— (1) the hiring of not more than 25 additional analysts with expertise in distributional analysis, State-level tax modeling, and Federal benefit program analysis; (2) the acquisition or development of data systems and modeling tools necessary to produce household impact forecasts; and (3) the establishment and maintenance of the Tax Transparency Portal under section 7. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974. (a) Additional Duties of the Congressional Budget (b) Joint Committee on Taxation.—There are authorized to be Office.--Section 202 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(h) Five-Year Tax Impact Assistance.-- "(1) The Director shall, upon request ofappropriated to the Joint Committee on Taxation, provideTaxation such data, economic projections, modeling assistance, and analytical support as may be necessary for the Joint Committee to prepare the Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecasts required under the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(2) The Director shall, in coordination with the Joint Committee on Taxation, prepare the State-by-State analysis and the offsetting spending reduction disclosure components of each such Forecast. "(3) The Director shall make available to the Joint Committee on Taxation any baseline projections, economic assumptions, and program-level spending data necessary for the preparation of such Forecasts.". (b) Conforming Amendment to Table of Contents.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is amended by adding after the item relating to section 202 the following: "Sec. 202(h). Five-Year Tax Impact Assistance.". SEC. 8. AMENDMENT TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986. (a) Additional Duty of the Joint Committee.--Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8022) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: "(4) FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD TAX IMPACT FORECASTS.-- "(A) IN GENERAL.--To prepare and publicly release a Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecast for each item of covered tax legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) in accordance with the requirements and deadlines established under such Act. "(B) CONSULTATION.--In preparing each Forecast under subparagraph (A), the Joint Committee shall consult with the Congressional Budget Office, the Department of the Treasury, and the Internal Revenue Service. "(C) METHODOLOGY.--The Joint Committee shall develop and publish the methodology used to prepare each Forecast, including all economic assumptions, behavioral response models, and data sources, and shall update such methodology as appropriate to reflect advances in economic modeling and data availability. "(D) NONPARTISAN CHARACTER.--Each Forecast shall be prepared in a nonpartisan manner consistent with the standards applicable to revenue estimates prepared by the Joint Committee.". (b) Additional Powers for Data Access.--Section 8023 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8023) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(d) Data for Five-Year Forecasts.--The Joint Committee, or the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee upon approval of the Chairman or Vice Chairman, is authorized to secure directly from the Internal Revenue Service, the Department of the Treasury, the Bureau of the Census, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and any other executive department, agency, or instrumentality of the Government, such anonymized and aggregated data, statistics, and technical assistancesums as may be necessary for the preparation of Five-Year Household Taxto carry out the additional duties imposed by this Impact Forecasts Act, including— (1) the hiring of not more than 15 additional analysts with expertise in distributional analysis and State-level revenue modeling; and (2) the acquisition or development of data systems and modeling tools necessary to produce the analyses required under section 8022(4). Such departments,8022(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by section 5 of this Act). (c) Data Sharing.—The Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the agencies, and instrumentalities are authorized and directedSecretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of to furnishAgriculture, the Secretary of Education, the Commissioner of Social Security, and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall, upon request of the Director or the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, provide such data, statistics, and technical assistance todata as the Joint Committee upon request.".is necessary to carry out this Act, subject to applicable privacy protections under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6103) and other applicable Federal law. SEC. 9. METHODOLOGY AND REVIEW. RULEMAKING. (a) Initial Methodology.--Not later than 180 days afterExercise of Rulemaking Powers.—Sections 6(a) and 6(b) the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee, in consultationare enacted by the Congress— (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of each House, respectively, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and (2) with the Office, shall develop and publish the initial methodology to be used in preparing Forecasts under this Act, including-- (1) the economic assumptions and models to be used; (2) the data sources and sampling methods for State-level analysis; (3) the method for estimating the value of Federal program benefitsfull recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change such rules (so far as relating to the procedure in such House) at the household level for purposes of the offsetting spending reduction disclosure; (4) the treatment of behavioral responses to tax changes; and (5) the method for allocating the burden of business tax provisions to individuals. (b) Public Comment.--Before finalizing the initial methodology under subsection (a), the Joint Committee shall provide a period of not less than 60 days for public comment on the proposed methodology and shall consider and respond to any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of such comments in a publicly available document. (c) Periodic Review.--The Government Accountability Office shall, not less frequently than once every 4 years, conduct an independent review of the methodology used by the Joint Committee and the Office in preparing Forecasts under this Act and shall submit a report to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate containing-- (1) an assessment of the accuracy of prior Forecasts as compared to actual tax outcomes; (2) recommendations for methodological improvements; and (3) an evaluation of whether the Forecasts are effectively communicating tax impact information to the public. House. SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. EFFECTIVE DATE. (a) Joint Committee on Taxation.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Joint Committee on Taxation $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2027 and such sumsIn General.—Except as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act, including the hiring of additional professional staff with expertise in tax modeling, data science, and public communications. (b) Congressional Budget Office.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027 and such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act. (c) Government Accountability Office.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Government Accountability Office such sums as may be necessary to carry out the periodic review required under section 9(c). SEC. 11. EFFECTIVE DATE; TRANSITION. (a) General Effective Date.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Transition Period.-- (1) During the 1-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee and the Office shall develop the methodology, data systems, interactive tools, and staffing capacity necessary to carry out this Act. (2) During the 1-year period beginningAct and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the effective date described in subsection (a), the point of orderthat is 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Interim Period.—During the period beginning on the date established under section 6 shall apply, exceptof enactment of this Act and ending on the date that the deadlines specified in section 4(a) shall be extended by an additional 48 hours. (3) The interactive online tool required under section 5(c) shall be made publicly available not later than 1 yearis 270 days after the such date of enactment— (1) the Director and the Joint Committee shall develop the methodologies, data systems, and staffing capacity necessary to carry out the requirements of this Act; and (2) the Director shall publish, not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, a report describing the methodology to be used in preparing household impact forecasts, and shall provide a 30-day public comment period on such methodology before finalizing it. (c) Application.—The requirements of this Act shall apply to any covered legislation introduced or reported on or after the effective date described in subsection (a). SEC. 12. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Act, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, and the application of the remaining provisions of this Act to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected thereby. SEC. 13. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to-- (1) limit or modify the existing authority of the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare revenue estimates or distributional analyses; (2) limit or modify the existing authority of the Congressional Budget Office to prepare cost estimates or economic analyses; (3) require the disclosure of any information that is protected from disclosure under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to confidentiality and disclosure of returns and return information); or (4) delay or prevent the consideration of any covered tax legislation in the event of a declaration of war or a national emergency declared by the President under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.). ``` ---
Version 1 - 2026-04-17
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Title
Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act
Motivation
There is too much bait and switch when it comes to tax changes. What looks like a tax break in year one ends up costing Americans more, much more, in the long run. If taxes go down $500 this year but go up $1200 in three years we have a right to know that.
Short Description
Americans deserve to know the truth before tax changes are voted on. This Act would require congress to show every household what a tax increase or decrease actually means for them, not just this year but over the next five years. Stop the bait-and-switch. Stop hiding the fine print.
Outline
1. This proposal is to demand Congress be fully transparent with tax changes. They must give a five year forecast showing what this means for me. Include scheduled sunsets, phase-outs, rate changes or triggers built into the legislation. 2. This forecast must be explicit for each tax bracket and state. 3. Include the trade off. If a tax cut is paid for by slashing programs Americans rely on, this need to be disclosed for each tax bracket.
Analysis Summary
The Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act would require Congress to produce detailed, household-level, five-year distributional forecasts of tax legislation — including disclosure of sunsets, phase-outs, and program trade-offs — before any vote. While it builds on existing CBO/JCT analytical infrastructure and addresses a well-documented transparency gap (particularly around sunset provisions used as budget gimmicks), it would impose significant operational burdens on congressional scoring agencies and could slow the legislative process. As a procedural measure, its direct fiscal cost is modest ($150-300 million over 10 years for additional analytical capacity), but its indirect effects on legislative behavior and fiscal responsibility are uncertain.
Fiscal Impact
Increases debt by $2 per household
Congressional Bill
119th CONGRESS 2d Session H.R. ___ To amend the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Joint Committee on Taxation and the Congressional Budget Office to prepare and publicly release a five-year household tax impact forecast for all legislation that would amend the Internal Revenue Code, including distributional analysis by income bracket, filing status, and State, and disclosure of any offsetting reductions in Federal programs, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES __________, 2026 Mr./Ms. __________ introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on Rules and the Committee on the Budget, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned _______________________________________________________ A BILL To amend the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to require the Joint Committee on Taxation and the Congressional Budget Office to prepare and publicly release a five-year household tax impact forecast for all legislation that would amend the Internal Revenue Code, including distributional analysis by income bracket, filing status, and State, and disclosure of any offsetting reductions in Federal programs, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026". SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) The American people have a right to understand the full, long-term impact of changes to the Federal tax code on their household finances before such changes are enacted into law. (2) Tax legislation frequently contains provisions that phase in, phase out, sunset, or otherwise change in effect over time, such that the impact on a household in the first year of enactment may differ substantially from the impact in subsequent years. (3) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-97) included individual income tax provisions scheduled to sunset after December 31, 2025, illustrating how short-term tax relief can mask long-term tax increases for American families. (4) Existing law requires the Joint Committee on Taxation to provide revenue estimates and tax complexity analyses for reported tax legislation, but does not require a publicly available, year-by-year distributional analysis showing the projected impact on households across income brackets, filing statuses, and States for each year over a five-year period. (5) When tax reductions are offset by reductions in Federal spending programs, including programs that provide direct benefits to households such as Medicare, Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and Federal education assistance, the net effect on household economic well-being may differ significantly from the tax change alone. (6) Transparency and informed deliberation are foundational principles of representative government, and Members of Congress and the public they serve deserve complete information before voting on legislation that affects every American taxpayer. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) COVERED TAX LEGISLATION.--The term "covered tax legislation" means any bill, joint resolution, amendment, conference report, or amendment between the Houses that includes one or more provisions which would directly or indirectly amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and which, in the aggregate, would increase or decrease Federal revenues by more than $1,000,000,000 over the 5-fiscal-year period beginning with the first fiscal year for which the provision would be effective. (2) DISTRIBUTIONAL INCOME CATEGORY.--The term "distributional income category" means each of the following categories of expanded income (as defined by the Joint Committee on Taxation): (A) Less than $10,000. (B) $10,000 to $20,000. (C) $20,000 to $30,000. (D) $30,000 to $40,000. (E) $40,000 to $50,000. (F) $50,000 to $75,000. (G) $75,000 to $100,000. (H) $100,000 to $200,000. (I) $200,000 to $500,000. (J) $500,000 to $1,000,000. (K) $1,000,000 and over. (3) FILING STATUS.--The term "filing status" means each of the following: (A) Single individuals. (B) Heads of households. (C) Married individuals filing jointly. (D) Married individuals filing separately. (4) FIVE-YEAR FORECAST PERIOD.--The term "five-year forecast period" means the period of 5 consecutive taxable years beginning with the first taxable year for which any provision of the covered tax legislation would be effective. (5) JOINT COMMITTEE.--The term "Joint Committee" means the Joint Committee on Taxation established under section 8001 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8001). (6) OFFICE.--The term "Office" means the Congressional Budget Office established under section 201 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 601). (7) OFFSETTING SPENDING REDUCTION.--The term "offsetting spending reduction" means any reduction in budget authority, outlays, or entitlement authority for any Federal program that is contained in, or legislatively linked to, covered tax legislation through the same bill, reconciliation instruction, or concurrent budget resolution. (8) STATE.--The term "State" means each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia. SEC. 4. FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD TAX IMPACT FORECAST. (a) Requirement.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--The Joint Committee, in consultation with the Office, the Department of the Treasury, and the Internal Revenue Service, shall prepare and publicly release a Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecast (hereinafter in this Act referred to as the "Forecast") for each item of covered tax legislation-- (A) not later than 72 hours before the first vote on such legislation by the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Finance of the Senate, or any committee of conference; and (B) not later than 48 hours before any vote on final passage of such legislation by the House of Representatives or the Senate. (2) UPDATED FORECASTS.--If covered tax legislation is substantively amended after the initial Forecast is released, the Joint Committee shall prepare and publicly release an updated Forecast reflecting such amendments not later than 48 hours before any subsequent vote described in paragraph (1)(B). (b) Contents of Forecast.--Each Forecast prepared under subsection (a) shall include the following: (1) YEAR-BY-YEAR DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS.--For each taxable year within the five-year forecast period, a table showing, for each distributional income category and each filing status-- (A) the estimated average change in Federal income tax liability per tax return; (B) the estimated aggregate change in Federal income tax liability; (C) the estimated average effective Federal tax rate under current law and under the covered tax legislation; and (D) the estimated number of tax returns affected. (2) STATE-BY-STATE ANALYSIS.--For each taxable year within the five-year forecast period, a table showing, for each State and for each distributional income category-- (A) the estimated average change in Federal income tax liability per tax return; and (B) the estimated aggregate change in Federal income tax liability. (3) IDENTIFICATION OF TEMPORAL PROVISIONS.--A clearly labeled section identifying each provision of the covered tax legislation that-- (A) is scheduled to sunset, expire, or terminate during or after the five-year forecast period; (B) includes a phase-in or phase-out of any tax benefit, rate, deduction, credit, or exemption; (C) includes a scheduled change in any tax rate, threshold, limitation, or other parameter; (D) is triggered by or contingent upon any economic indicator, revenue target, or other condition; or (E) includes any indexing provision that would cause the effective tax rate or tax liability to change over time. For each such provision, the Forecast shall include a plain-language description of the provision, the taxable year in which the change takes effect, and the estimated impact on each distributional income category for the taxable year immediately before and immediately after such change takes effect. (4) OFFSETTING SPENDING REDUCTION DISCLOSURE.-- (A) IN GENERAL.--If the covered tax legislation includes, or is legislatively linked to, any offsetting spending reduction, the Forecast shall include a supplemental analysis showing, for each distributional income category and each State-- (i) the estimated annual dollar value of the reduction in Federal program benefits or services per household for each year of the five-year forecast period; (ii) the specific Federal programs affected and the estimated reduction in budget authority or outlays for each such program for each year of the five-year forecast period; and (iii) the estimated net impact on household economic well-being, calculated as the sum of the change in Federal tax liability and the change in the value of Federal program benefits or services, for each distributional income category. (B) PROGRAMS TO BE ANALYZED.--The supplemental analysis under subparagraph (A) shall include, at a minimum, any offsetting spending reduction affecting the following programs: (i) Benefits under title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). (ii) Benefits under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) (Medicare). (iii) Medical assistance under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) (Medicaid). (iv) Benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.). (v) Federal Pell Grants under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a). (vi) Assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) (housing choice vouchers). (vii) Any other Federal program for which the estimated reduction in budget authority or outlays exceeds $500,000,000 in any single fiscal year within the five-year forecast period. (5) CUMULATIVE FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY.--A summary table showing, for each distributional income category, each filing status, and each State-- (A) the cumulative estimated change in Federal income tax liability over the five-year forecast period; (B) the cumulative estimated change in the value of Federal program benefits or services over the five-year forecast period (if applicable under paragraph (4)); and (C) the cumulative estimated net impact on household economic well-being over the five-year forecast period. (6) PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY.--A plain-language summary, written at a reading level accessible to the general public, that describes-- (A) the overall effect of the covered tax legislation on taxpayers in each distributional income category for each year of the five-year forecast period; (B) any year in which the direction of the tax change reverses (for example, a tax decrease in year 1 that becomes a tax increase in year 3) for any distributional income category; and (C) the net combined effect of tax changes and any offsetting spending reductions on households in each distributional income category. SEC. 5. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND CONGRESSIONAL ACCESS. (a) Public Release.-- (1) WEBSITE.--Each Forecast prepared under section 4 shall be made publicly available, free of charge, on the official website of the Joint Committee on Taxation and the official website of the Congressional Budget Office not later than the applicable deadline specified in section 4(a). (2) MACHINE-READABLE FORMAT.--Each Forecast shall be published in both a human-readable document format and a machine-readable, downloadable data format to facilitate independent analysis by researchers, journalists, and the public. (3) CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.--The plain-language summary required under section 4(b)(6) shall be printed in the Congressional Record not later than 24 hours before any vote on final passage of the covered tax legislation by the House of Representatives or the Senate. (b) Transmission to Members.--The Joint Committee shall transmit each Forecast electronically to every Member of the House of Representatives and every Senator not later than the applicable deadline specified in section 4(a). (c) INTERACTIVE TOOL.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee, in consultation with the Office, shall develop and make publicly available on its website an interactive online tool that allows any individual to estimate the projected impact of covered tax legislation on a household based on the individual's income level, filing status, and State of residence. SEC. 6. POINT OF ORDER. (a) In the House of Representatives.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider any covered tax legislation for which the Forecast required under section 4 has not been publicly released in accordance with the deadlines specified in section 4(a) and made available to every Member of the House of Representatives. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived or suspended in the House of Representatives only by a specific provision in a special rule reported by the Committee on Rules, which rule shall require an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members voting, a quorum being present. (b) In the Senate.-- (1) IN GENERAL.--It shall not be in order in the Senate to proceed to the consideration of any covered tax legislation for which the Forecast required under section 4 has not been publicly released in accordance with the deadlines specified in section 4(a) and made available to every Senator. (2) WAIVER.--The point of order established under paragraph (1) may be waived in the Senate only by an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn. (3) APPEAL.--An affirmative vote of three-fifths of the Members, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required in the Senate to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under paragraph (1). (c) Rulemaking.-- (1) IN THE HOUSE.--The provisions of subsection (a) are enacted by the Congress as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of Representatives, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of the House, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith. The provisions of subsection (a) may be changed by the House in the same manner and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of the House. (2) IN THE SENATE.--The provisions of subsection (b) are enacted by the Congress as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of the Senate, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith. The provisions of subsection (b) may be changed by the Senate in the same manner and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of the Senate. SEC. 7. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974. (a) Additional Duties of the Congressional Budget Office.--Section 202 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(h) Five-Year Tax Impact Assistance.-- "(1) The Director shall, upon request of the Joint Committee on Taxation, provide such data, economic projections, modeling assistance, and analytical support as may be necessary for the Joint Committee to prepare the Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecasts required under the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026. "(2) The Director shall, in coordination with the Joint Committee on Taxation, prepare the State-by-State analysis and the offsetting spending reduction disclosure components of each such Forecast. "(3) The Director shall make available to the Joint Committee on Taxation any baseline projections, economic assumptions, and program-level spending data necessary for the preparation of such Forecasts.". (b) Conforming Amendment to Table of Contents.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is amended by adding after the item relating to section 202 the following: "Sec. 202(h). Five-Year Tax Impact Assistance.". SEC. 8. AMENDMENT TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986. (a) Additional Duty of the Joint Committee.--Section 8022 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8022) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: "(4) FIVE-YEAR HOUSEHOLD TAX IMPACT FORECASTS.-- "(A) IN GENERAL.--To prepare and publicly release a Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecast for each item of covered tax legislation (as defined in section 3 of the Five-Year Tax Forecast Transparency Act of 2026) in accordance with the requirements and deadlines established under such Act. "(B) CONSULTATION.--In preparing each Forecast under subparagraph (A), the Joint Committee shall consult with the Congressional Budget Office, the Department of the Treasury, and the Internal Revenue Service. "(C) METHODOLOGY.--The Joint Committee shall develop and publish the methodology used to prepare each Forecast, including all economic assumptions, behavioral response models, and data sources, and shall update such methodology as appropriate to reflect advances in economic modeling and data availability. "(D) NONPARTISAN CHARACTER.--Each Forecast shall be prepared in a nonpartisan manner consistent with the standards applicable to revenue estimates prepared by the Joint Committee.". (b) Additional Powers for Data Access.--Section 8023 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 8023) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(d) Data for Five-Year Forecasts.--The Joint Committee, or the Chief of Staff of the Joint Committee upon approval of the Chairman or Vice Chairman, is authorized to secure directly from the Internal Revenue Service, the Department of the Treasury, the Bureau of the Census, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and any other executive department, agency, or instrumentality of the Government, such anonymized and aggregated data, statistics, and technical assistance as may be necessary for the preparation of Five-Year Household Tax Impact Forecasts under section 8022(4). Such departments, agencies, and instrumentalities are authorized and directed to furnish such data, statistics, and technical assistance to the Joint Committee upon request.". SEC. 9. METHODOLOGY AND REVIEW. (a) Initial Methodology.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee, in consultation with the Office, shall develop and publish the initial methodology to be used in preparing Forecasts under this Act, including-- (1) the economic assumptions and models to be used; (2) the data sources and sampling methods for State-level analysis; (3) the method for estimating the value of Federal program benefits at the household level for purposes of the offsetting spending reduction disclosure; (4) the treatment of behavioral responses to tax changes; and (5) the method for allocating the burden of business tax provisions to individuals. (b) Public Comment.--Before finalizing the initial methodology under subsection (a), the Joint Committee shall provide a period of not less than 60 days for public comment on the proposed methodology and shall consider and respond to such comments in a publicly available document. (c) Periodic Review.--The Government Accountability Office shall, not less frequently than once every 4 years, conduct an independent review of the methodology used by the Joint Committee and the Office in preparing Forecasts under this Act and shall submit a report to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate containing-- (1) an assessment of the accuracy of prior Forecasts as compared to actual tax outcomes; (2) recommendations for methodological improvements; and (3) an evaluation of whether the Forecasts are effectively communicating tax impact information to the public. SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. (a) Joint Committee on Taxation.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Joint Committee on Taxation $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2027 and such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act, including the hiring of additional professional staff with expertise in tax modeling, data science, and public communications. (b) Congressional Budget Office.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2027 and such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year thereafter to carry out the additional duties imposed by this Act. (c) Government Accountability Office.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Government Accountability Office such sums as may be necessary to carry out the periodic review required under section 9(c). SEC. 11. EFFECTIVE DATE; TRANSITION. (a) General Effective Date.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Transition Period.-- (1) During the 1-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Joint Committee and the Office shall develop the methodology, data systems, interactive tools, and staffing capacity necessary to carry out this Act. (2) During the 1-year period beginning on the effective date described in subsection (a), the point of order established under section 6 shall apply, except that the deadlines specified in section 4(a) shall be extended by an additional 48 hours. (3) The interactive online tool required under section 5(c) shall be made publicly available not later than 1 year after the effective date described in subsection (a). SEC. 12. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Act, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, and the application of the remaining provisions of this Act to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected thereby. SEC. 13. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to-- (1) limit or modify the existing authority of the Joint Committee on Taxation to prepare revenue estimates or distributional analyses; (2) limit or modify the existing authority of the Congressional Budget Office to prepare cost estimates or economic analyses; (3) require the disclosure of any information that is protected from disclosure under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to confidentiality and disclosure of returns and return information); or (4) delay or prevent the consideration of any covered tax legislation in the event of a declaration of war or a national emergency declared by the President under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.). ``` ---